Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products—Part 11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods—Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products (GWEPT)
GB/T 5169 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products comprises of the following parts:
- Part 1: Terminology concerning fire tests
- Part 2: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard - General guidelines
- Part 5: Test flames - Needle test method - Apparatus confirmatory
- Part 9: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard - Preselection testing procedures - General guidelines
- Part 10: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure
- Part 11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products(GWEPT)
- Part 12: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire flammability index(GWFI) test method for materials
- Part 13: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire ignition temperature(GWIT)test method for materials
- Part 14: Test flames - 1 kW nominal pre-mixed flame - Apparatus, confirmatory test arrangement and guidance
- Part 15: Test flames - 500 W flames - Apparatus and confirmational test methods
- Part 16: Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
- Part 17: Test flames - 500 W flame test method
- Part 18: Toxicity of fire effluent - General guidance
- Part 19: Abnormal heat - Mould stress relief distortion test
- Part 20: Surface spread of flame - Summary and relevance of test methods
- Part 21: Abnormal heat - Ball pressure test method
- Part 22: Test flames - 50 W flame - Apparatus and confirmational test method
- Part 23: Test flames-500W vertical flame test method for tubular polymeric materials
- Part 24: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard - Insulating liquids
- Part 25: Smoke obscuration - General guidance
- Part 26: Smoke obscuration - Summary and relevance of test methods
- Part 27: Smoke obscuration - Small-scale static test - Description of the apparatus
- Part 28: Smoke obscuration - Small-scale static test - Materials
- Part 29: Heat release - General guidances
- Part 30: Heat release - Summary and relevance of test methods
- Part 31: Surface spread of flame - General guidance
- Part 32: Heat release - Heat release of insulating liquids
- Part 33: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard - Ignitability - General guidance
- Part 34: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard - Ignitability - Summary and relevance of test methods
- Part 35: Corrosion damage effects of fire effluent - General guidance
- Part 36: Corrosion damage effects of fire effluent - Summary and relevance of test methods
- Part 38: Toxicity of fire effluent - Summary and relevance of test methods
- Part 39: Toxicity of fire effluent - Use and interpretation of test results
- Part 40: Toxicity of fire effluent - Estimation of toxic potency - Apparatus and test method
- Part 41: Toxicity of fire effluent - Estimation of toxic potency - Calculation and interpretation of test results
- Part 42: Test flames - Confirmatory tests - Guidance
- Part 44: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard - Fire hazard assessment
This is part 11 of GB/T 5169.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
- this part replaces GB/T5169.11-2006 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T5169.11-2006:
- the functions and purposes of the test methods are added (see Clause 1 of this standard, and Clause 1 of Edition 2006);
- it is clearly specified that this test may be omitted for “small parts” and “insignificant mass” (see 4.1)
- the requirement is added for the distance between the test specimen and the specified layer if the test specimen is a component such that surrounding materials and distances are unknown (see Clause 5 of this standard and Clause 5 of Edition 2006)
- the requirements for testing conditions are added (see 7.2 and 7.3 of this standard and Clause 8 of Edition 2006);
- the requirement that "severity level" is taken as test temperature is moved to the clause of test procedure (see 8.2 of this standard and Clause 6 of Edition 2006);
- the “initial measurement” of visual inspection conducted on the test specimen is deleted (see Clause 9 of Edition 2006);
- the requirements are added for the format of test report (see Clause 11);
- in Annex A, the title is modified to “Suggested GWEPT temperatures” from “Guidelines on glow wire test”, and the process of selecting test temperature is improved (see Annex A of this standard and Annex A of Edition 2006).
This part, by means of translation, is identical to IEC 60695-2-11: 2014 Fire hazard testing - Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products (GWEPT).
The Chinese documents identical to the normative international documents given in this part are as follows:
- GB/T 5169.10-2017 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 10: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure (IEC 60695-2-10: 2013, IDT)
- GB/T 16499-2008 The Preparation of safety publication and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications (neq IEC Guide 104: 1997)
- GB/T 20002.4-2015 Drafting for special aspects in standards - Part 4:Safety aspects for their inclusion in standards (ISO/IEC Guide 51: 2014, MOD)
The following editorial changes have been made in this part:
- to be consistent with the existing standard series in China, the standard has been renamed as Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products (GWEPT)
This part was proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industrial Association.
This part is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products of the Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 300).
The previous editions replaced by this part are as follows:
- GB/T 5169.11-1997 and GB/T 5169.11-2006.
Introduction
The purpose of this Introduction is to provide background regarding the basic guidance that prompted the preparation of this part and how it relates to the scope.
In the design of any electrotechnical product, the risk of fire and the potential hazards associated with fire need to be considered. In this respect the objective within the design of component, circuit, and product design, as well as the choice of the materials, is to reduce to acceptable levels the potential risks of fire during normal operating conditions, reasonable foreseeable abnormal use, malfunction, and/or failure. IEC Technical Committee 89 has developed IEC 60695-1-10, together with its companion, IEC 60695-1-11, to provide guidance on how this is to be accomplished.
The primary aims of IEC 60695-1-10 and IEC 60695-1-11 are to provide guidance on how:
a) to prevent ignition caused by an electrically energized component part, and
b) to confine any resulting fire within the bounds of the enclosure of the electrotechnical product in the event of ignition.
Secondary aims of these documents include the minimization of any flame spread beyond the product’s enclosure and the minimization of harmful effects of fire effluents such as heat, smoke, toxicity and/or corrosivity.
Fires involving electrotechnical products can also be initiated from external non-electrical sources. Considerations of this nature should be dealt with in the overall fire hazard assessment.
In electrotechnical equipment, overheated metal parts can act as ignition sources. In glow-wire tests, a glowing wire is used to simulate such an ignition source.
IEC 60695-2-10 describes a glow-wire test apparatus and common test procedure, IEC 60695-2-12 describes a glow-wire flammability index (GWFI) test method for materials, and IEC 60695-2-13 describes a glow-wire ignition temperature (GWIT) test method for materials.
This part is used to assess the reaction of end products to heat caused by contact with an electrically heated wire under controlled laboratory conditions. This may be useful for the evaluation of end products that may be exposed to excess thermal stress such as a fault current flowing through a wire, overloading of components, and/or poor electrical connections. It should not be used to solely describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire hazard assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to a particular end use.
This part may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. It does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this part to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products (GWEPT)
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 5169 specifies a test method on an end product. It is intended to simulate the effects of thermal stresses produced by an electrically heated source to represent a fire hazard.
This test method is used to check that, under defined test conditions, an end product exposed to an electrically heated source has either a limited ability to ignite or, if it ignites, a limited ability to propagate flame. However, the fire hazard analysis, the flammability aspects and the flame spreading to other products are not covered by the present part.
This part is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51.
One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of the series standards in the preparation of its standards. The requirements, test methods or test conditions of this part will not apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant standards.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60695-2-10 Fire hazard testing - Part 210: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure
IEC Guide 104 The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51 Safety aspects - Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
burn (intransitive verb)
undergo combustion
[ISO 13943: 2008, definition 4.28]
3.2
combustible (adjective)
capable of being ignited and burned
[ISO 13943: 2008, definition 4.43]
3.3
combustion
exothermic reaction of a substation with an oxidizing agent
Note: Combustion generally emits fire effluent accompanied by flames and/or glowing
[ISO 13943: 2008, definition 4.46]
3.4
enclosure
〈electrotechnical〉 external casing protecting the electrical and mechanical parts of apparatus
Note: The term excludes cables.
[ISO 13943: 2008, definition 4.78]
3.5
end product
product that is ready for use without modification
Note: An end product component of another end product.
[IEC 60695-4: 2012, definition 3.2.7]
3.6
fire hazard
physical object or condition with a potential for an undesirable consequence from fire
[ISO 13943: 2008, definition 4.112]
3.7
fire hazard assessment
evaluation of the possible causes of fire, the possibility and nature of subsequent fire growth, and the possible consequences of fire
[IEC 60695-4:2012, definition 3.2.10]
3.8
fire risk
probability of a fire combined with a quantified measure of its consequence
Note: It is often calculated as the product of probability and consequence.
[ISO 13943: 2008, definition 4.124]
3.9
flame
rapid, self sustaining, sub-sonic propagation of combustion in a gaseous medium, usually with emission of light
[ISO 13943: 2008, definition 4.133]
3.10
flame spread
propagation of a flame front
[ISO 13943: 2008, definition 4.142]
3.11
flammability
ability of a material or product to burn with a flame under specified conditions
[ISO 13943: 2008, definition 4.151]
3.12
glowing (adjective)
emitting light without flame from the combustion of a material in the solid phase
3.13
ignition
sustained ignition (deprecated)
〈general〉 initiation of combustion
[ISO 13943: 2008, definition 4.187]
3.14
insignificant mass
insufficient combustible material to constitute a fire hazard
Note: A default value is 2 g, but product TCs may assign a different value appropriate to the product type and scale.
[IEC 60695-4: 2012, definition 3.2.16]
Foreword i Introduction v 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 test specimens 5 Test apparatus 6 Verification of the temperature measuring system 7 Conditioning 8 Test procedure 9 Observations and measurements 10 Evaluation of test results 11 Test report 12 Information to be given in the relevant product standard Annex A (Informative) Suggested GWEPT temperatures Bibliography
开始 部件太小？ 否 可忽略质量？ 否 微小的能量即能引发起燃（见注2） 是 无法进行GWEPT（4.4） 是 是 不需要进行GWEPT 否 载流部件的固定件？ 是 安装设备？（见注3） 否 接触或临近载流部件？（见注4） 是 否 否 着火危险评定（见注1） 是否有人照管？ 是 否 是 否 无人照管且I＞0.2 A？ 是 否 GWEPT 750℃和850℃ 说明： I ——额定电流； A ——安培； GWEV ——灼热丝成品试验。 注1：相关产品标准所用不同的着火危险评定(FHA)将规定恰当的GWEPT温度。 注2：短语“微小的能量”和“临近”宜由产品标委会界定。其取决于许多因素（例如：危险的严重性）。 注3：安装设备的示例包括插座、电路保护装置和低压接电装置。 注4：流程图的右边（安装设备——否）意在部分代表GWEPT在现行IEC 60335-1中的限制性应用。其他考虑也可参考该文件。 图A.1 GWEPT温度推荐 参考文献 [1] IEC 60695-1-10 Fire hazard testing—Part 1-10: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard of electrotechnical products—General guidelines [2] IEC 60695-1-11 Fire hazard testing—Part 1-11: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard of electrotechnical products—Fire hazard assessment [3] IEC 60695-2-12 Fire hazard testing—Part 2-12: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods—Glow-wire flammability index (GWFI) test method for materials [4] IEC 60695-2-13 Fire hazard testing—Part 2-13: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods—Glow-wire ignition temperature (GWIT) test method for materials [5] IEC 60335-1 Household and similar electrical appliances—Safety—Part 1: General requirements
