标准编号:	GB/T 39752-2021
中文名称:	电动汽车供电设备安全要求及试验规范
英文名称:	Safety requirements and test specifications of electric vehicle conductive supply equipment
中标分类:	T35    车用电子、电气设备与仪表综合
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	43.040.99 43.040.99    其他道路车辆装置 43.040.99
发布机构:	国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2021-03-09
实施日期:	2021-10-1
标准状态:	valid
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	37000 字
翻译价格(元):	2180.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This standard is proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of China Electricity Council. Safety requirements and test specifications of electric vehicle conductive supply equipment 1 Scope This standard specifies the safety requirements, test guidelines and test methods for electric vehicle conductive supply equipment (hereinafter referred to as "conductive supply equipment"). This standard is applicable to all types of conductive supply equipment with a rated output voltage of 1,000V AC or 1,500V DC and below, including those with charging mode 2, charging mode 3 and charging mode 4, as well as the conductive supply equipment which are not used for public purposes and used under special conditions (such as explosion-proof and liquid-cooled ones, and those used in plateaus at altitude above 2,000m). It shall be applied in combination with the requirements of relevant standards. The independent electrical accessories and auxiliary materials (such as connecting devices, cables and insulating materials, etc.) of conductive supply equipment shall comply with the specific product standards in conjunction with this standard. This standard involves serious equipment damage and serious personal harm caused by electric shock hazard, energy hazard, mechanical hazard, high temperature hazard, fire spread hazard, sound pressure hazard, out-of-control hazard, etc., when the conductive supply equipment conforms to the correct use regulations but may have operational errors. This standard does not involve the following: ——Safety requirements related to transport packaging, improper installation and application; ——Electromagnetic compatibility requirements; ——Information security requirements; ——Safety problems caused by vandalism and other purposeful behaviors; ——Other functional and performance requirements unrelated to safety.   2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 1002 Single phase plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Types, basic parameters and dimensions GB/T 2099.1 Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1: General requirements GB/T 2423.55 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test methods - Test Eh: Hammer tests GB/T 4776-2017 Electrical safety terminology GB 4793.1-2007 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use - Part 1: General requirements GB 4943.1-2011 Information technology equipment - Safety - Part 1: General requirements GB/T 5169.11 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products (GWEPT) GB/T 5169.21 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 21: Abnormal heat - Ball pressure test method GB/T 12113 Methods of measurement of touch current and protective conductor current GB/T 16842 Protection of persons and equipment by enclosures - Probe for verification GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests GB/T 18487.1-2015 Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 1: General requirements GB/T 20234.1-2015 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 1: General requirements GB/T 29317-2012 Terminology of electric vehicle charging/battery swap infrastructure 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 4776-2017, GB 4793.1-2007, GB 4943.1-2011, GB/T 16935.1-2008, GB/T 18487.1-2015, GB/T 20234.1-2015 and GB/T 29317-2012 and the following apply. For ease of use, some terms and definitions in GB/T 4776-2017, GB 4793.1-2007, GB 4943.1-2011 and GB/T 16935.1-2008 are listed below.   3.1 enclosure equipment component used to minimize the spread of fire or flame inside the equipment; mechanical component used to reduce the risk of injury caused by mechanical hazards and other physical hazards; equipment component used to limit contact with parts and components that may have hazardous voltage or hazardous energy level; a component of the equipment that has one or more of the above functions Note: It is revised from GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.6.1. 3.2 tool screwdriver, or any other appliance that can be used to install and remove screws, pins or similar fasteners [GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.7.4] 3.3 hazard potential source of injury [GB 4793.1-2007, Definition 3.5.2] 3.3.1 hazardous live when it may cause electric shock or electric burn under normal condition or single fault condition [GB 4793.1-2007, Definition 3.5.3] 3.3.2 hazardous live part live part that can cause harmful electric shock under certain conditions 3.4 working voltage maximum voltage to which the insulation or the component under consideration is, or can be, subjected when the conductive supply equipment is working under normal use conditions Note 1: Overvoltage caused by the outside of the equipment is not considered. Note 2: It is revised from GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.9.6. 3.5 decisive voltage maximum voltage continuously occurring between two arbitrary live components when used for the intended purpose under the worst rated working conditions 3.5.1 decisive voltage classification A; DVCA voltage of voltage classification A for protection measures against electric shock 3.5.2 decisive voltage classification B; DVCB voltage of voltage classification B for protection measures against electric shock 3.5.3 decisive voltage classification C; DVCC voltage of voltage classification C for protection measures against electric shock 3.6 safety extra-low voltage circuit secondary circuit which is properly designed and protected Note 1: Its voltage value will not exceed the safe value under normal working conditions and single fault conditions. Note 2: It is revised from GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.8.8. 3.7 hazardous voltage voltage whose AC peak value exceeds 42.4V or DC value exceeds 60V in a circuit that does not meet the requirements of a current-limiting circuit or a TNV circuit [GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.8.6] 3.8 normal use operations performed according to the instructions for use or instructions for obvious intended use Note 1: It includes standby. Note 2: It is revised from GB 4793.1-2007, Definition 3.5.9.   3.9 normal condition condition under which all protective measures against hazards are intact [GB 4793.1-2007, Definition 3.5.10] 3.10 single fault condition condition under which a protective measure against hazard fails or certain hazard may occur and result in a fault Note: If a single fault condition will inevitably cause another one, then such two faults are considered as a single fault condition. [GB 4793.1-2007, Definition 3.5.11] 3.11 protective earthing conductor conductor in building wiring or conductor in power line used to connect the power supply protective earthing terminal in equipment with the earth point of building facilities Note: It is revised from GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.13.10. 3.12 touch current electric current that flows through the human body or animal body when touching one or more accessible parts and components of a device or equipment Note: It is revised from GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.13.12. 3.13 clearance shortest spatial distance measured between two conductive parts/components or between a conductive part/component and the equipment protection interface [GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.10.1] 3.14 creepage distance shortest path between two conductive parts/components or between a conductive part/component and the equipment protection interface measured along an insulating surface [GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.10.2] 3.15 Insulation 3.15.1 functional insulation insulation only required for the equipment to complete its normal function Note: The functional insulation defined here does not play a role in protecting against electric shock. However, it may be used to reduce the possibility of ignition and fire hazard. [GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.9.1] 3.15.2 basic insulation insulation providing basic protection against electric shock [GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.9.2] 3.15.3 supplementary insulation independent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation to reduce the risk of electric shock in case of failure of basic insulation [GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.9.3] 3.15.4 double insulation insulation consisting of basic insulation and supplementary insulation [GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.9.4] 3.15.5 reinforced insulation a single insulation structure, which provides a level of protection against electric shock equivalent to double insulation under the conditions specified herein Note: The term "insulation structure" does not mean that the insulation is a homogeneous whole. This kind of insulation may be composed of several separate insulation layers such as supplementary insulation or basic insulation. [GB 4943.1-2011, Definition 1.2.9.5]   3.16 overvoltage category numerical expression of transient overvoltage conditions Note 1: Overvoltage categories are indicated by I, II, III and IV. Note 2: It is revised from GB/T 16935.1-2008, Definition 3.10. 3.17 equipment safety classification classification according to the protection measures against electric shock provided by the conductive supply equipment 3.17.1 class I equipment equipment which not only relies on basic insulation for protection against electric shock, but also includes an additional safety measure, that is, connecting the conductive part prone to electric shock to the protective (earthing) conductor in the fixed wiring of the equipment, so that the easily accessible conductive part will become a live part when the basic insulation fails [GB/T 4776-2017, Definition 2.3.3.2] 3.17.2 class II equipment equipment which not only relies on basic insulation for protection against electric shock, but also includes additional safety measures (such as double insulation or reinforced insulation), without requirements for protective earthing or dependent equipment conditions [GB/T 4776-2017, Definition 2.3.3.3] 3.18 pollution adherence of external substances such as solids, liquids or gases (ionized gases), which may reduce the dielectric strength and surface resistivity Note: It is revised from GB/T 16935.1-2008, Definition 3.11. 3.19 pollution degree numerical representation of the expected degree of pollution of the micro-environment Note: It is revised from GB/T 16935.1-2008, Definition 3.13. 3.19.1 pollution degree 2; PD2 pollution degree where only non-conductive pollution appears usually but short-time conduction due to agglomeration appears occasionally 3.19.2 pollution degree 3; PD3 pollution degree where conductive pollution or dry non-conductive pollution becomes conductive due to agglomeration Note: Under such condition, the equipment shall usually be protected from direct sunlight, rainfall and strong wind pressure, but not be subjected to temperature or humidity control. 3.20 bushing ring sleeve that acts as a cushion Note: It is used outside mechanical components for the purposes of sealing and wear protection. 4 Safety requirements 4.1 Use environment 4.1.1 Environmental classification The classification of the use environment of conductive supply equipment is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Environmental classification Type a Outdoor Indoor Pollution degree Min. PD3 Min. PD2 Degree of protection Min. IP54 Min. IP32 Range of ambient temperature -20℃~+50℃ -5℃~+50℃ Range of relative humidity 5%~95% (without condensation) 5%~95% (without condensation) Ultraviolet exposure Required Not required Altitude b 2,000m or below 2,000m or below a The minimum environmental conditions specified by the manufacturer shall meet the minimum requirements. b For conductive supply equipment used at an altitude above 2,000m, the clearance and creepage distance shall be corrected according to the correction factors specified in GB/T 16935.1-2008.   4.1.2 Pollution degree The pollution degree of conductive supply equipment is the pollution degree of external environment, which shall meet the requirements in Table 1. In the indoor industrial environment exposed to pollution, the pollution degree shall be PD3. 4.1.3 Degree of protection The degree of protection provided by the enclosure of conductive supply equipment shall meet the requirements in Table 1. The degree of protection of the power supply interface shall meet the requirements specified in GB/T 20234.1-2015. 4.1.4 Ultraviolet exposure For conductive supply equipment used outdoors, the polymer material of the enclosure and the exposed sealing material shall be sufficiently tolerant to material degradation caused by ultraviolet radiation, and shall not have obvious deformation, crack or rupture, and shall not affect normal use. 4.2 Structure 4.2.1 General requirements The structure of the conductive supply equipment includes enclosure, partitions, door locking devices and hinges. The connection and splicing parts shall have sufficient mechanical strength to bear the stress encountered under normal use and fault conditions. The edges, bulges, corners, holes, shields, handles and other accessible parts of the conductive supply equipment structure shall be smooth and shall not cause any injury during normal use. 4.2.2 Enclosure material The enclosure material of conductive supply equipment shall be able to withstand the mechanical stress, electrical stress, thermal stress and environmental pressure generated under the specified use conditions. 4.2.3 Handle and manual control device The handles, knobs, clamps, joysticks and similar parts and components shall be firmly installed and shall not be loose under normal use.

Foreword II 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Safety requirements 5 Guidance on tests 6 Test methods Annex A (Informative) Identification symbols used on electric vehicle conductive supply equipment Annex B (Normative) Safety test items of electric vehicle conductive supply equipment Bibliography

电动汽车供电设备安全要求及试验规范 1 范围 本标准规定了电动汽车供电设备(以下简称“供电设备”)的安全要求、试验导则和试验方法。 本标准适用于额定输出电压为1000 V AC或1500 V DC及以下各类型供电设备，包括充电模式2、充电模式3和充电模式4的供电设备，不作为公共用途使用、在特殊条件下使用的供电设备(如防爆型、液冷型、海拔2000m以上高原使用的供电设备等)也适用于本标准，并需要结合相关标准的要求。 对于供电设备的独立电气附件、辅助材料(如连接装置、线缆、绝缘材料等)需根据具体产品标准，与本标准结合使用。 本标准涉及到供电设备在符合正确使用规程，但可能发生操作失误的情况下，由于电击危险、能量危险、机械危险、高温危险、着火蔓延危险、声压危险、失控危险等造成的设备严重损坏和重大人身危害情况。 本标准不涉及以下内容： ——与运输包装、不恰当安装和应用相关的安全要求； ——电磁兼容要求； ——信息安全要求； ——因故意破坏和其他有目的行为所引起的安全问题； ——其他与安全无关的功能和性能要求。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB／T 1002 家用和类似用途单相插头插座 型式、基本参数和尺寸 GB／T 2099.1 家用和类似用途插头插座 第1部分：通用要求 GB／T 2423.55 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分：试验方法 试验Eh：锤击试验 GB／T 4776—2017 电气安全术语 GB 4793.1—2007 测量、控制和实验室用电气设备的安全要求 第1部分：通用要求 GB 4943.1—2011 信息技术设备 安全 第1部分：通用要求 GB／T 5169.11 电工电子产品着火危险试验 第11部分：灼热丝／热丝基本试验方法 成品的灼热丝可燃性试验方法(GWEPT) GB／T 5169.21 电工电子产品着火危险试验 第21部分：非正常热 球压实验方法 GB／T 12113 接触电流和保护导体电流的测量方法 GB／T 16842 外壳对人和设备的防护 检验用试具 GB／T 16935.1—2008 低压系统内设备的绝缘配合 第1部分：原理、要求和试验 GB／T 18487.1—2015 电动汽车传导充电系统 第1部分：通用要求 GB／T 20234.1—2015 电动汽车传导充电用连接装置 第1部分：通用要求 GB／T 29317—2012 电动汽车充换电设施术语 3 术语和定义 GB／T 4776—2017、GB 4793.1—2007、GB 4943.1—2011、GB／T 16935.1—2008、GB／T 18487.1—2015、GB／T 20234.1—2015和GB／T 29317—2012界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。为了便于使用，以下重复列出了GB／T 4776—2017、GB 4793.1—2007、GB 4943.1—2011、GB／T 16935.1—2008的某些术语和定义。 3.1 外壳 enclosure 用来使设备内部的着火或火陷的蔓延减小到最低限度的设备部件；用来减小由机械危险和其他物理危险造成伤害危险的机械部件；用来限制接触可能带危险电压或危险能量水平的零部件的设备部件；具有以上一种或多种功能的设备的一个部件。 注：改写GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.6.1。 3.2 工具 tool 改锥或者可用来装卸螺钉、插销或类似紧固件的其他任何器具。 [GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.7.4] 3.3 危险 hazard 潜在的伤害源。 [GB 4793.1—2007，定义3.5.2] 3.3.1 危险带电 hazardous live 在正常条件或单一故障条件下能使之发生电击或电灼伤。 [GB 4793.1—2007，定义3.5.3] 3.3.2 危险带电部分 hazardous live part 在某些条件下能造成伤害性电击的带电部分。 3.4 工作电压 working voltage 当供电设备在正常使用的条件下工作时，所考虑的绝缘或元器件上所承受到的或能够承受的最高电压。 注1：不考虑设备外部引起的过电压。 注2：改写GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.9.6。 3.5 决定性电压 decisive voltage 在最恶劣的额定工作条件下、按照预定目的使用时，两个任意带电部件之间持续出现的最高电压。 3.5.1 决定性电压等级A decisive voltage classification A；DVCA 防电击保护措施的电压等级分类A的电压。 3.5.2 决定性电压等级B decisive voltage classification B；DVCB 防电击保护措施的电压等级分类B的电压。 3.5.3 决定性电压等级C decisive voltage classification C；DVCC 防电击保护措施的电压等级分类C的电压。 3.6 安全特低电压电路 safety extra-low voltage circuit 作了适当的设计与保护的二次电路。 注1：使得在正常工作条件下和单一故障条件下，它的电压值不会超过安全值。 注2：改写GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.8.8。 3.7 危险电压 hazardous voltage 存在于既不符合限流电路要求也不符合TNV电路要求的电路中，其交流峰值超过42.4 V或直流值超过60 V的电压。 [GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.8.6] 3.8 正常使用 normal use 按使用说明或按明显的预期用途的说明进行的操作。 注1：包括待机。 注2：GB 4793.1—2007，定义3.5.9。 3.9 正常条件 normal condition 防止危险的所有防护措施均完好无损的条件。 [GB 4793.1—2007，定义3.5.10] 3.10 单一故障条件 single fault condition 防止危险的一个防护措施发生失效的条件或可能引起某种危险而出现一个故障的条件。 注：如果某个单一故障条件会不可避免地引起另一个单一故障条件，则这样的两个故障被认为是一个单一故障条件。 [GB 4793.1—2007，定义3.5.11] 3.11 保护接地导体 protective earthing conductor 用来把设备中的电源保护接地端子同建筑设施接地点连接起来的建筑布线中的导体或电源线中的导线。 注：改写GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.13.10。 3.12 接触电流 touch current 当人体或动物接触一个或多个装置或设备的可触及零部件时，流过他们身体的电流。 注：改写GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.13.12。 3.13 电气间隙 clearance 在两个导电零部件之间或导电零部件与设备防护界面之间测得的最短空间距离。 [GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.10.1] 3.14 爬电距离 creepage distance 沿绝缘表面测得的两个导电零部件之间或导电零部件与设备防护界面之间的最短路径。 [GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.10.2] 3.15 绝缘 3.15.1 功能绝缘 functional insulation 仅使设备完成正常功能所需要的绝缘。 注：这里定义的功能绝缘并不起防电击的作用。但是，它可以用来减小引燃和着火危险的可能。 [GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.9.1] 3.15.2 基本绝缘 basic insulation 对防电击提供基本保护的绝缘。 [GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.9.2] 3.15.3 附加绝缘 supplementary insulation 除了基本绝缘以外施加的独立的绝缘，用以在基本绝缘一旦失效时减小电击的危险。 [GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.9.3] 3.15.4 双重绝缘 double insulation 由基本绝缘加上附加绝缘构成的绝缘。 [GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.9.4] 3.15.5 加强绝缘 reinforced insulation 一种单一的绝缘结构，在本部分规定的条件下，其所提供的防电击的保护等级相当于双重绝缘。 注：“绝缘结构”这一术语并不是指该绝缘是一块质地均匀的整体。这种绝缘可以有几个附加绝缘或基本绝缘那样单独的绝缘层组成。 [GB 4943.1—2011，定义1.2.9.5] 3.16 过电压类别 overvoltage category 用数字表述瞬时过电压条件。 注1：用Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ表示过电压类别。 注2：改写GB／T 16935.1—2008，定义3.10。 3.17 设备安全分类 equipment safety classification 按供电设备提供的防电击保护措施进行的分类。 3.17.1 Ⅰ类设备 class Ⅰ equipment 不仅依靠基本绝缘进行防电击保护，而且还包括一个附加的安全措施，即把易电击的导电部分连接到设备固定布线中的保护(接地)导体上，使易触及导电部分在基本绝缘失效时，也不会成为带电部分的设备。 [GB／T 4776—2017，定义2.3.3.2] 3.17.2 Ⅱ类设备 class Ⅱ equipment 不仅依靠基本绝缘进行防电击保护，而且还包括附加的安全措施(例如双重绝缘或加强绝缘)，但对保护接地或依赖设备条件未做规定的设备。 [GB／T 4776—2017，定义2.3.3.3] 3.18 污染 pollution 被固体、液体或气体(电离气体)等外部物质附着，可能使介电强度和表面电阻率下降。 注：改写GB／T 16935.1—2008，定义3.11。 3.19 污染等级 pollution degree 用数字表征微观环境受预期污染程度。 注：改写GB／T 16935.1—2008，定义3.13。 3.19.1 污染等级2 pollution degree 2；PD2 通常仅有非导电性污染，但偶尔也会由于凝聚作用而短时导电。 3.19.2 污染等级3 pollution degree 3；PD3 导电污染或干燥的非导电污染由于凝聚作用变为导电。 注：在这种条件下，设备通常要防止暴露与直射的日光、降雨、强烈的风压中，但不用控制温度和湿度。 3.20 衬套 bushing 起衬垫作用的环套。 注：用于机械部件外，以达到密封、磨损保护等作用。 4 安全要求 4.1 使用环境 4.1.1 环境分类 供电设备使用环境分类，如表1所示。 表1 环境分类 类型a 室外 室内 污染等级 最低PD3 最低PD2 防护等级 最低IP54 最低IP32 环境温度范围 －20℃～＋50℃ －5℃～＋50℃ 相对湿度范围 5％～95％(无冷凝) 5％～95％(无冷凝) 紫外暴露 要求 不要求 海拔b 2000m及以下 2000m及以下 a 制造商规定的最低环境条件应满足最低要求。 b 对于在海拔2000m以上使用的供电设备，电气间隙和爬电距离要根据GB／T 16935.1—2008规定的修正因子进行修正。 4.1.2 污染等级 供电设备的污染等级是外部环境的污染等级，应符合表1中的要求。室内暴露于污染的工业环境时，污染等级应为PD3。 4.1.3 防护等级 供电设备的外壳防护等级应符合表1中的要求。供电接口的防护等级应符合GB／T 20234.1—2015中规定的要求。 4.1.4 紫外暴露 室外使用的供电设备，外壳的聚合物材料和外露的密封材料对紫外辐射引起的材料退化应有足够的耐受能力，不应有明显的变形、裂纹或破裂等，不应影响正常使用。 4.2 结构 4.2.1 一般要求 供电设备结构包括外壳、隔板、门的闭锁装置和铰链，连接和拼接等应具有足够的机械强度以承受正常使用和故障条件下所遇到的应力。供电设备结构的棱缘、凸起、拐角、孔洞、护罩和手柄等能够接触的部位应圆滑，在正常使用时不应引起伤害。 4.2.2 外壳材料 供电设备外壳材料应能够承受在规定使用条件下产生的机械应力、电气应力、热应力和环境压力等。 4.2.3 把手和手动控制装置 把手、旋钮、夹具、操纵杆和类似零部件应牢固地安装，在正常使用情况下不应松脱。 4.2.4 连接和拼接 供电设备的所有连接和拼接在机械上应牢固，在电气上应连续，避免机械损伤。所有用于外部连接、零部件之间以及零部件内部连接的导线、相互接触的导体或者裸露的带电零部件应具有符合最高工作电压的绝缘保护或绝缘距离。 螺钉、螺母、垫圈、弹簧或类似零件应充分固定并能够承受正常使用所产生的机械应力，防止松动时引起的跨越附加绝缘或加强绝缘的电气间隙、爬电距离的安全隐患。 输入电源导线采用永久连接方式时，应通过螺钉、螺母或其他等效装置方式固定的接线端子。 母线(裸或绝缘的)的布置应使其不发生内部短路，并能够承受保护器件限定的短路应力。 载流部件之间的连接应保证有足够和持久的接触压力，使用的绝缘硬导线或软导线应至少按照有关电路的额定绝缘电压确定；连接两个端子之间的导线不应有中间接头，如绞接或焊接。 当多股绞合导线固定到接线端子时，不应出现导线与下列零部件发生意外接触的危险： ——与导线电位不同的其他没有绝缘的带电零部件；或 ——不带电的金属零部件。 使用的连接装置、插头和插座不因误接而导致危险。如果连接装置可以不通过工具来拆卸，则在拆开导体零部件期间和之后不应引起电击或能量危险。 内部所有用作电气连接的电缆应满足与线径相匹配的载流能力要求，如表2所示。 表2 适合连接外部导体端子用铜导线的截面积 额定电流A 单芯或多芯导线 软导线 截面积mm2 截面积mm2 最小 最大 最小 最大 注：如果要选用表中规定值以外的导体，建议由成套设备制造商与用户签订专门的协议。 所有电气连接的电缆端子或接头应符合表3中的连接强度要求。与输出连接的充电电缆在超出拉力要求的外力作用下断开时，应保证电缆中保护接地线是线束中最后一个被断开的。充电过程中，当充电线缆被外力拉断时，供电设备应立即停止充电输出，不应存在电击或能量危险。 表3 最小拉力值 导体标称截面积mm2 拉力N 导体标称截面积mm2 拉力N 注：所有电气连接的电缆端子或接头的最小拉力值测量包含绝缘层。 4.2.5 布线 在供电设备内部或设备外表面上，供绝缘线缆穿越的孔洞，其表面应光滑，或带有光滑的套管或索环。布线路径应避开可能损伤绝缘层的锋利边缘、螺纹、毛口、翼片、运动零部件和类似零部件，用于布线的夹具和导管，其边缘应光滑圆润。夹具的关节部位和支撑表面不应导致绝缘的磨损。 使用的衬套，应符合以下适用的要求： ——可靠地固定； ——不使用工具不应能拆卸。 4.2.6 开孔 开孔的配置和构造应使外来物进入开孔不可能接触裸露零部件而产生危险，在门板、面板、盖板处开孔，关闭或就位时应满足要求。预定多于一个方向使用的设备，要求适用于每个方向。 4.2.7 电气零部件 4.2.7.1 充电模块 供电设备所用充电模块的输入与输出应进行隔离，充电模块的可直接接触的低压电路部分与输入、输出等危险电压部分之间应存在双重绝缘或加强绝缘措施。充电模块应具有输入和输出保护功能。 安装在供电设备内的充电模块机壳应与供电设备保护地良好连接，并符合4.3.2.2.1中有关Ⅰ类设备保护连接和保护接地规定的要求。 4.2.7.2 机械开关设备 供电设备所选用的开关设备额定绝缘电压应不小于供电设备的额定工作电压，且不小于工作回路电压；额定电流应不小于工作回路额定电流的1.25倍。 供电设备应为每路带有危险电压或者超过危险能量，或者可能引起危险电压和能量的电源提供一个或多个机械开关设备(如开关和隔离开关接触器、断路器和继电器等)。开关设备要求如下： ——对于直流输出，开关设备应能同时断开正极和负极； ——对于单相交流输出，应按规定需要提供一个双极都能同时断开装置； ——对于三相交流输出，应按规定需要提供一个四极都能同时断开装置。 4.2.7.3 充电用连接装置 4.2.7.3.1 温度监测 充电用连接装置温度监测功能应符合GB／T 18487.1—2015中9.1规定的要求。 4.2.7.3.2 锁紧装置 充电用连接装置的锁紧装置应符合GB／T 18487.1—2015中9.6规定的要求。 4.2.7.4 受限制电源(辅助电源) 供电设备内部所使用的受限制电源的输出在正常工作条件下和任何单一故障条件下，不应产生过压、过流及能量危险。受限制电源应符合以下要求之一： ——从内部限制输出； ——使用一个阻抗限制输出； ——使用过流保护装置限制输出； ——使用一个调节网络限制输出。