GB/T 45256-2025 Press and publication―Knowledge service―Construction process of knowledge ontology English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
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ICS 01.140.40
CCS A 19
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 45256-2025
Press and publication - Knowledge services - Construction process of knowledge ontology
新闻出版 知识服务 知识本体构建流程
(English Translation)
Issue date: 2025-02-28 Implementation date: 2025-06-01
Issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Construction principles
5 Constituent elements
6 Establishment process
7 Functional requirements for construction tools
Bibliography
Press and publication - Knowledge services - Construction process of knowledge ontology
1 Scope
This document establishes the construction principles of knowledge ontology, and specifies the constituent elements, establishment process and functional requirements for construction tools.
It is applicable to the construction and management of knowledge bases and knowledge resource libraries in the press and publication field.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 18391.3-2009 Information technology - Metadata registries (MDR) - Part 3: Registry metamodel and basic attributes
GB/T 45257 Press and publication - Knowledge services - Extraction and marking up of knowledge element
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1 Basic terms
3.1.1
knowledge
cognition, judgment or skill acquired through learning, practice or exploration
[Source: GB/T 23703.2-2010, 2.1]
3.1.2
concept
knowledge created by unique combination of characteristics
Note: Concepts are not limited to specific scopes, but they are influenced by social and cultural environments.
[Source: GB/T 15237.1-2000, 3.2.1, modified]
3.1.3
term
identification of a general concept word in a specific subject field
[Source: GB/T 15237.1-2000, 3.4.3, modified]
3.1.4
semantic relation
relation between symbols and their meanings among concepts and classes
[Source: GB/T 4894-2024, 3.1.7.1]
3.1.5
knowledge ontology
standardized description between knowledge concepts
Note: Knowledge ontology is composed of classes, attributes, instances and other elements.
[Source: GB/T 38377-2020, 2.31, modified]
4 Construction principles
The basic principles for knowledge ontology construction include but are not limited to:
a) Practicality: Meeting the standardization needs of knowledge element extraction, processing, application and other links;
b) Compatibility: Adopting relevant domestic and foreign standards such as object properties, metadata and terms for description;
c) Clarity: Clarifying construction objectives, hierarchical design, domain scope and application scenarios, with technical routes conforming to the general methods of knowledge ontology construction, and knowledge element description complying with the expression mode of Resource Description Framework Schema (RDFS);
d) Consistency: Maintaining consistency in the definition of the same concepts, description languages, storage methods and value range constraints to support applications such as knowledge indexing and knowledge reasoning;
e) Extensibility: The construction of general knowledge ontology fully considers changes in development and service needs, while the construction of professional domain knowledge ontology focuses on the extensibility of core concepts, supporting the continuous development of new concepts to meet other tasks on the basis of existing concepts.
5 Constituent elements
5.1 Classes
Classes include subclasses, from which derivative subclasses can be derived, and intersections between subclasses are allowed. In accordance with the relevant metadata definitions in GB/T 18391.3 and the class definition and description methods specified in Web Ontology Language/Resource Description Framework (OWL/RDF), the definitions of knowledge ontology classes are shown in Table 1.
5.2 Properties
Properties are used to describe the characteristics of classes, as well as the relationships between classes and classes, classes and instances, and instances and instances. In accordance with the property definition methods specified in OWL/RDF, the definitions of knowledge ontology properties are shown in Table 2.
6 Establishment process
6.1 Overall creation process
The overall process of knowledge ontology creation consists of three phases: resource preparation, ontology construction, and knowledge indexing, as shown in Figure 1.
6.2 Resource preparation phase
6.2.1 Determine objectives and scope
Before constructing a knowledge ontology, the professional domain, scope, application objectives it covers, as well as its functions and target users shall first be defined.
6.2.2 Evaluate content resources
Prior to knowledge ontology establishment, content resources shall be collected and organized, their structure and application value analyzed, and their application methods evaluated and confirmed.
Note: Content resources in the press and publication field include books, periodicals, research reports, conference papers, standards, newspaper articles, and other reference-worthy materials in this field.
