1 Scope
This document sets out the guiding principles, the underlying framework and its improvements and enhancements for sharing economy activities. This document applies to individuals or organisations involved in sharing economy activities.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Sharing economysharing economy
An economic model in which resource providers (3.5) share resources (3.2) with resource users (3i) through a platform (3.3).
Note: In the sharing economy, the sharing of resources is achieved through transactions between resource suppliers and resource users, which can occur both online and offline. Transactions are usually between resource suppliers and resource users.
A 'peer-to-peer' transaction between a resource provider and a resource user, where the provider temporarily transfers the right to use the resource to the resource user for a fee or no fee. The subject matter of the transaction usually involves only the time-sharing rights of the traded resource, not its ownership.
3.2
Resource
An asset or service that is dispersed, underutilised or available for shared use.
Note 1: Resources that can be shared include, but are not limited to, production equipment, transportation capacity, housing and accommodation, know-how, life services, medical services, production capacity, spare parts, office space, etc.
Note 2: Shared resources are generally not subject to ownership.
4 Guiding Principles
4.1 Compliance
Decisions and activities in the sharing economy should be guided by compliance management, the obligations imposed by law, the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of other participants in the sharing economy, and the scrutiny of regulators as required by them.
4.2 Integrity
All participants in the sharing economy are expected to be honest and trustworthy when carrying out and participating in sharing economy activities, to exercise their rights and fulfil their obligations in a proper manner, and to safeguard their own and others' legitimate rights and interests.
Organisations participating in the sharing economy are encouraged to establish effective credit mechanisms and credit systems, including but not limited to the development and improvement of evaluation mechanisms and credit record mechanisms for transaction targets.
4.3 Openness and Transparency
In the sharing economy, data, information, decisions and activities that need to be made public should be complete, clear, timely, accurate and traceable.
4.4 Confidentiality, privacy and security
Where decisions and activities in the sharing economy involve the collection and use of personal information, it is appropriate to handle personal information confidentially and store it in a secure manner, respecting the privacy of individuals and avoiding the disclosure of personal information to others without their consent and the use of personal information outside the scope of authorised agreements.
Data processing activities in the sharing economy should be carried out within the framework of data security protection, establishing a sound data security management system for the entire process, organizing data security education and training, and taking appropriate technical measures and other necessary measures to ensure data security.
4.5 Fairness
All participants in the sharing economy are encouraged to conduct their decision-making and activities in a fair and non-discriminatory manner.
4.6 Respect for Other Stakeholders
Sharing economy activities should be conducted in a manner that respects other stakeholders, including fair competition, environmental protection, and the protection of the health and safety of employees and the public.
4.7 Protection of rights and interests
Decisions and activities in the sharing economy should be made in a manner that protects the basic interests of those involved in the industry, including but not limited to the security and use of user funds, employment systems, personal safety, welfare, insurance and other economic interests of those involved.
4.8 Continuous improvement
Sharing economy activities should be able to respond to the diverse needs and trends of the sharing economy and be committed to continuous improvement.
5 Foundational framework
5.1 Overview
Stakeholders and influencing factors that should be fully considered in the construction and implementation of a sharing economy infrastructure framework include, but are not limited to:
a) Platform operators;
b) Resource users
c) resource providers;
d) regulators
e) other third parties;
f) economic, social and environmental impacts and opportunities. The stakeholders, influencing factors and their interrelationships are shown in Figure 1.
5.2 Platform operators
Factors that platform operators should consider when engaging in sharing economy activities include, but are not limited to:
a) Complying with the requirements of their commitments, internal policies and processes, and informing users and other stakeholders of their organisational commitments and codes of conduct;
b) building hardware and software systems to support the operation of the platform and to ensure its functional requirements, performance requirements, security requirements, quality requirements, etc;
5.3 Resource users
Factors that resource users should consider when participating in sharing economy activities include, but are not limited to
a) Authenticity of identity information;
b) Prices, taxes, fees and payment terms; and
c) user rights, responsibilities and prohibitions of use;
d) the process of providing credit information;
e) protection of personal information and security of financial information;
f) Information disclosure requests and consent;
g) non-discriminatory access and other anti-discrimination protections
h) health, safety and environmental expectations and requirements;
i) insurance provisions;
j) complaints handling, dispute resolution and refunds.
5.4 Resource providers
Factors that resource providers should consider when participating in sharing economy activities include, but are not limited to:
a) Authenticity of identity information;
b) Consistency and quality assurance in the audit and supply of resources;
c) Complaint handling, dispute resolution, refunds;
d) Compensation for services/labour;
e) Anti-discrimination protection;
f) practices for initiating and terminating cooperation;
g) division of rights and obligations with all parties concerned;
h) Protection of personal and property rights of employees.
5.5 Regulators
In the context of sharing economy activities, it is appropriate for regulators to consider factors such as, but not limited to
a) The need for national security and social stability;
b) The authenticity of the business being served;
c) market order maintenance, fair competition and anti-monopoly regulatory requirements;
d) Taxation requirements;
5.6 Other third parties
Factors that other third parties should consider in the context of sharing economy activities include, but are not limited to:
a) The security and stability of capital;
b) the authenticity of the business served;
c) Third party creditworthiness;
d) payment security; and
e) Data security;
f) Credit evaluation and credit authentication technology;
g) credit risk management
h) personal privacy security; i) interface compatibility; j) advertising agency effectiveness;
k) Protection of the personal and property rights of employees.
5.7 Economic, social and environmental impacts and opportunities
It is appropriate to consider the economic, social and environmental impacts and opportunities arising from sharing economy activities, including, but not limited to, impacts and opportunities on expanding employment, natural environment protection, optimising resource allocation, resolving overcapacity, and ensuring supply chain security.
6 Improvement and enhancement
Participants in the sharing economy are encouraged to periodically review their decision-making and action frameworks to improve and enhance the sharing economy model for its sustainable development. Factors that should be considered include, but are not limited to:
a) Improving the standards system in line with existing laws and relevant standards;
b) Innovation in technology and business models;
c) Supervision and regulatory capacity enhancement;
d) Quality and safety assurance mechanisms;
e) credit management;
f) Risk management;
g) Traceability system;
h) Ethical and spiritual building;
i)Requirements and expectations of sharing economy participants and other stakeholders.
Bibliography
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3Terms and definitions
4 Guiding Principles
5 Foundational framework
6 Improvement and enhancement
Bibliography
