GB 28395-2012 Conveying, spraying and placing machines for concrete and mortar - Safety requirements
1 Scope
This standard specifies the safety requirements and appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant hazards for conveying, spraying and placing machines for concrete and mortar. This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to conveying, spraying and placing machines when they are used under the conditions intended by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
The safety requirements of this standard apply to conveying machines, spraying machines and placing machines for concrete and mortar and their components.
The machinery may be stationary or mobile.
This standard covers the machines described in 3.3 to 3.7.
This standard does not cover:
—machines that are mobile during conveying, spraying and placing;
—cabins for any machines covered by this standard;
—noise. It is a significant hazard;
—vibration;
—EMC is not covered by this standard.
This standard does not concern the engine(s) of the machines that are not driven by the main engine during conveying, spraying and placing. One other possibility is the combination with a truck mixer (see 3.3).
This standard does not establish the additional requirements for operation subject to special rules (e. g. potentially explosive atmosphere, electromagnetic compatibility (immunity), supply by electrical networks where voltage, frequency and tolerance differ from those of the public supply, if relevant due to e. g. electronic components, earthquake, lightning, using on public roads, hazards occurring during construction, transportation, commissioning, cableless remote controls other than radio controls, compressors and pressure vessels).
2 Normative References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to (excluding any corrigendum), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For any undated references, the latest edition of the document referred to applies.
GB 5226.1 Electrical safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements (GB 5226.1-2008, IEC 60204-1:2005, IDT)
GB/T 8196-2003 Safety of machinery - Guards - General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards (ISO 14120:2002, MOD)
GB/T 15706.1-2007 Safety of machinery - Basic concepts general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003, IDT)
GB/T 15706.2-2007 Safety of machinery-Basic concepts general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003, IDT)
GB 16754 Safety of machinery - Emergency stop - Principles for design (GB 16754-2008, ISO 13850:2006, IDT)
GB/T 16855.1 Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design (GB/T 16855.1-2008, ISO 13849-1:2006, IDT)
GB/T 18153 Safety of machinery - Temperatures of touchable surfaces - Ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for hot surfaces
GB/T 18831-2002 Safety of machinery - Interlocking devices associated with guards - Principles for design and selection (ISO 14119:1998, MOD)
GB 23821 Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (GB 23821-2009, ISO 13857:2008, IDT)
EN 518:1995 Structural timber - Grading - Requirements for visual strength grading standards
EN 614-1:1995 Safety of machinery - Ergonomic design principles - Part 1: Terminology and general principles
EN 982:1996 Safety of machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components - Hydraulics
EN 894-1:1997 Safety of machinery - Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators
EN 894-2:1997 Safety of machinery - Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Part 2: Displays.
EN 894-3:2000 Safety of machinery - Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Part 3: Control actuators
EN 1070:1998 Safety of machinery - Terminology
PrEN 12609:1996 Truck mixers - Safety requirements
EN 13309:2000 Construction machinery - Electromagnetic compatibility of machines with internal electrical power Supply
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the definitions given in EN 1070:1998 and the following apply.
3.1
concrete and mortar
homogeneous mix comprising the components cement, graded aggregate and water plus additives
3.2
additive
material added to concrete or mortar to change the properties of the mix
3.3
Conveying, spraying and placing machines for concrete
3.3.1
concrete pumps
concrete pumps are working machines with hopper for pumping of concrete, see example figure A.1.1. Concrete pumps are piston pumps or rotor pumps. The concrete hopper can be fitted out as an agitator. The concrete pumps can be towed or not but can be used only in the stationary position. The pumping is realized by mechanical transport through delivery lines. The concrete pumps can be self-propelled integrated into concrete placing booms and shotcreting machines, see Figures A.1.1, A.1.2 and A.1.3.
Note: One other possibility is the combination with a truck mixer. This case is not dealt with in this standard.
3.3.2
shotcreting machines
machines with hopper for spraying of concrete.
The hopper can be fitted out as a mixer. The spraying is realized by mechanical or pneumatic transport through delivery lines. Pneumatic concrete spraying compressors can be used with or without air chambers. The shotcreting machines can be self propelled, towed or not but can be used only in the stationary position. See example Figure A.1.3.
3.4
mortar conveying and spraying machines
working machines for conveying and/or spraying of mortar (as shown in Figures A.2, A.3 and A.4). The conveying is realized by mechanical (see example Figures A.2.1, A.3 and A.4) or pneumatical (see example Figure A.2.2) transport through delivery lines. In case of only pneumatic function the hopper is an air chamber, see example Figure A.2.2. For mechanical drive the pumping is realized by screw pumps. A mixer can be integrated, see example figure A.2.1. The mortar conveying and spraying machines can be used only in the stationary position. See example Figures A.2, A.3 and A.4.
3.5
concrete placing booms
concrete placing booms are power-driven, slewable devices consisting of one or more extending or fold-out parts for guiding the delivery line.
These concrete placing booms may be mounted on trucks, trailers or special-purpose vehicles (e.g. for complex terrain, tunnel or rail application). The concrete placing booms can be self propelled, towed or not but can be used only in the stationary position. See figures A.1.2 and A.5.
3.6
delivery line systems
delivery line systems are pipes, hoses, couplings, valves and end hoses through which the concrete, mortar or their components are to be transported
Contents
Foreword i
Introduction iii
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification of significant hazards
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
6 Verification of safety requirements and protective measures
7 Information for use
Annex A (Informative) Diagrams of different machines
Annex B (Informative) Log book for concrete pump and concrete placing boom 1)
