GB/T 45996-2025 General requirements for the construction of science and technology evaluation indicator system English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
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ICS 01.040.03
CCS A 20
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 45996-2025
General Requirements for Construction of Science and Technology Evaluation Index System
Issue date: 2025-08-01 Implementation date: 2025-08-01
Issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation
the Standardization Administration of the China of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Basic principle
5 Organizational implementation and output
6 Analysis of demand and influencing factors
7 Composition of the Indicator system
8 Design
9 Indicator system
10 Indicator system
11 Feedback and improvement
Appendix A (Informative) Analysis Framework and Examples of Indicator System Requirements and Influencing Factors
Appendix B (Informative) Common methods for building indicator system
Appendix C (Informative) Indicator Types and Typical Indicator Examples
References
General Requirements for Construction of Science and Technology Evaluation Index System
1 Scope
This document establishes the general principles, organization, implementation and output of the construction of the scientific and technological evaluation index system, and stipulates the requirements for the analysis of needs and influencing factors, the design of the index system structure, the design of the index system application method, the determination of the index system, and the continuous improvement of the construction of the scientific and technological evaluation index system.
This document is applicable to all kinds of scientific and technological achievement evaluation, and other types of scientific and technological evaluation can be used as a reference.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 40148-2021 Foundry Terminology
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 40148 and the following are applicable to this document.
3.1
Evaluation of scientific and technological achievements science and technology evaluation
Follow certain guidelines, use standardized procedures and scientific methods, and carry out professional evaluation and consultation activities on scientific and technological activities and their related behaviors and elements
Note 1: Science and technology evaluation in a broad sense includes all kinds of evaluation, appraisal and evaluation activities related to science and technology activities carried out by evaluation institutions or expert groups. In a narrow sense, scientific and technological evaluation refers to all kinds of evaluation activities related to scientific and technological activities carried out by evaluation institutions.
Note 2: Science and technology assessment provides services for the government and all sectors of society, and provides reference and basis for optimizing science and technology management and decision-making, rationally allocating resources, strengthening guidance and incentives, supervision and accountability, and improving the implementation effect of science and technology activities.
3.2
Assessment indicators evaluation indicator
A factor or variable that reflects the characteristics of the evaluated object
Note: It is used to concisely measure and evaluate the evaluation object.
3.3
Quantitative indicators quantitative indicator
Metrics that can be quantified and measured precisely
Note: In the practice of scientific and technological evaluation, due to factors such as evaluation needs and conditions, quantitative indicators are sometimes transformed in an appropriate form, so that they only need qualitative judgment and rough measurement.
[Source: GB/T 40148-2021,6.15, modified]
3.4
Qualitative indicators qualitative indicator
Indicators that can be judged qualitatively, but cannot be directly quantified or accurately measured
Note 1: In the practice of scientific and technological evaluation, due to factors such as evaluation needs and conditions, qualitative indicators are sometimes transformed in an appropriate form, so that they can be indirectly quantified and roughly measured.
Note 2: In the practice of scientific and technological evaluation, qualitative indicators with rich connotations are sometimes called evaluation topics.
3.5
Evaluation index system evaluation indicator system
A set of indicators that systematically reflect the characteristics of the evaluation object around the evaluation purpose
Note 1: The evaluation index system consists of one or more layers of indicators, and each layer consists of one or more indicators. The subordinate relationship of index connotation and its position constitute the hierarchy of index system, and the angle or aspect involved in index connotation constitute the dimension of index system. Indicators at all levels are generally called first-level indicators, second-level indicators, etc. from high to low, and the lowest-level indicators are also called final-level indicators. In the practice of scientific and technological evaluation, indicators at various levels are sometimes distinguished according to the characteristics of indicators and the actual needs of evaluation activities. For example, the first-level indicators are called criteria or dimension-level indicators.
Note 2: The evaluation index system structurally reflects the evaluation content and its internal logic. In the practice of scientific and technological evaluation, it is sometimes called the evaluation content framework. When important attributes such as the evaluation index system and its indicator information sources are expressed in the form of charts and reflect the evaluation content, its evaluation criteria and implementation paths, it is sometimes called the evaluation framework.
3.6
Evaluation index weight evaluation indicator weight
In the comprehensive evaluation activities of multi-indicators, the relative importance of each indicator and its proportion in the whole value
3.7
Multi-indicator comprehensive assessment multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation
A method that uses multiple indexes to measure and evaluate the evaluation object, and synthesizes the results of these indexes through quantitative and/or qualitative methods to form a comprehensive evaluation result
4 Basic principle
4.1 Principle of purpose
4.1.1 The index system reflects the purpose of evaluation activities and highlights the value orientation with quality, performance and contribution as the core.
4.1.2 The index system reflects the evaluation content and meets the needs of the evaluation task.
4.1.3 The application method and result expression form of the index system meet the requirements of the application scenarios of evaluation activities.
