Energy conversion efficiency requirements and measurement methods for lithium ion cells and batteries
1 Scope
This document specifies the energy conversion efficiency requirements and for lithium ion cells and batteries, and describes the calculation and measurement methods.
This document is applicable to lithium ion cells and batteries.
2 Normative references
No normative references are listed in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
lithium ion cell
device that realizes mutual conversion between chemical energy and electrical energy by moving lithium ions between cathode and anode, and is designed to be rechargeable
Note: This device consists of an assembly of electrodes, separators, electrolyte, container, terminals, etc.
3.2
lithium ion battery
assembly ready for use which comprises one or more lithium ion cells
Note: This assembly includes protective circuits and may also contain encapsulating materials, connectors, protective devices, etc.
3.3
coulombic efficiency
η
percentage of the charge output at which a battery is discharged to the charge input at which it is charged
Note 1: Unless otherwise specified, the coulombic efficiency in this document specifically refers to the efficiency at equal magnification.
Note 2: Coulombic efficiency is also called charging/discharging efficiency.
Note 3: In this document, "battery" refers to lithium ion cell.
[Source: GB/T 2900.41-2008, 482-03-14, modified]
3.4
energy efficiency
η
percentage of the energy output at which the lithium ion cell is discharged to the energy input at which it is charged
Note: Unless otherwise specified, the energy efficiency in this document specifically refers to the efficiency at equal magnification.
[Source: GB/T 2900.41-2008, 482-05-53]
3.5
constant voltage charge
charge that maintains a constant voltage during charging regardless of charging current and temperature
[Source: GB/T 2900.41-2008, 482-05-49, modified]
3.6
constant current charge
charge that the current remains constant during charging regardless of the voltage or temperature of the battery
[Source: GB/T 2900.41-2008, 482-05-38]
3.7
rated capacity
C
capacity value of a cell or battery declared by the manufacturer
Note: It is expressed in ampere-hours (Ah) or milliampere-hours (mAh).
3.8
charge capacity
Cc
charge input to the battery under specified charging conditions
3.9
discharge capacity
Cd
charge output to the battery under specified discharge conditions
Note: The international unit of charge (or amount of electricity) is Coulomb (1 C = 1 As), but in practice, battery capacity is usually expressed in ampere hour (Ah).
[Source: GB/T 2900.41-2008, 482-03-14]
3.10
cell (battery) energy
E
power input/output of the cell (battery) under specified conditions
[Source: GB/T 2900.41-2008, 482-03-21, modified]
3.11
charge energy
Ec
electrical energy input of the cell under specified conditions
3.12
discharge energy
Ed
electrical energy output of the cell under specified conditions
Note: The international unit of energy is Joule (1 J = 1 Ws), but in practice, battery energy is usually expressed in watt hours (Wh) (1 Wh = 3,600 J)
[Source: GB/T 2900.41-2008, 482-03-21]
3.13
reference test current
It
test current with the same value as the rated capacity (C)
Note: It is expressed in ampere (A) or milliampere (mA).
3.14
limited charging voltage
Ucl
rated maximum charging voltage of a cell or battery as declared by the manufacturer
3.15
end of discharge voltage
Ude
voltage at the end of discharge of a cell or battery as recommended by the manufacturer
3.16
recommendation charging current
Icr
constant-current charging current recommended by the manufacturer
3.17
recommendation discharging current
Idr
continual discharging current recommended by the manufacturer
4 Test conditions
4.1 Environmental conditions of tests
Unless otherwise specified, the tests are generally conducted under the following conditions:
a) Temperature: 23°C ± 2°C;
b) Relative humidity: ≤ 90%;
c) Air pressure: 86 kPa ~ 106 kPa.
Contents
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test conditions
4.1 Environmental conditions of tests
4.2 Parameter measurement tolerances
4.3 Sample pretreatment
4.4 Sample requirements
4.5 Quantity of samples
5 Representation and calculation methods
5.1 General
5.2 Capacity
5.3 Energy
5.4 Coulombic efficiency
5.5 Energy efficiency
6 Requirements and measurement methods
6.1 Coulombic efficiency
6.2 Energy efficiency
Bibliography
锂离子电池和电池组能源转换效率要求和测量方法
1范围
本文件规定了锂离子电池和电池组的能源转换效率要求,描述了计算方法和测量方法。
本文件适用于锂离子电池和电池组.
2规范性引用文件
本文件没有规范性引用文件。
3术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
3.1
锂离子电池lithium ion cell
依靠锂离子在正极和负极之间移动实现化学能与电能相互转化的装置,并被设计成可充电。
注:该装置包括电极﹑隔膜﹑电解质﹑容器和端子等。
3.2
锂离子电池组lithium ion battery
由任意数量的锂离子电池组合而成且准备使用的组合体。
注:该组合体包含保护电路,还可能含有封装材料、连接器、保护器件等。
3.3
容量(库伦)效率coulombic efficiency
η
蓄电池放电时输出的电荷量与此前充电时输入的电荷量之比的百分数。
注1:若无特殊说明,本文件中的库伦效率特指等倍率下的效率。
注2:库伦效率又称充放电效率。
注3:在本文件中“蓄电池”指锂离子电池。
[来源:GB/T 2900.41——2008,482-03-14,有修改]
3.4
能量效率energy efficiency
η
锂离子电池放电时输出的能量与此前充电时输入的能量之比的百分数。
注:若无特殊说明,本文件中的能量效率特指等倍率下的效率。
[来源:GB/T 2900.41——2008,482-05-53]
3.5
恒[电]压充电constant voltage charge
不考虑充电电流和温度,充电时使电压维持恒定值的充电。
[来源:GB/T 2900.41-2008,482-05-49,有修改]
3.6
恒[电]流充电constant current charge
不考虑电池的电压或温度,充电期间电流保持恒定值的充电。
[来源:GB/T 2900.41-2008,482-05-38]
3.7
额定容量rated capacity
C
制造商标明的电池或电池组容量。
注:单位为安时(Ah)或毫安时(mAh)。
3.8
充电容量
charge capacity
Cc
在规定的充电条件下电池输入的电荷。
3.9
放电容量discharge capacity
Cd
在规定的放电条件下电池输出的电荷。
注:电荷(或电量)的国际单位是库伦(lC=1 As),但实际上电池容量通常用安时(Ah)来表示。
[来源:GB/T 2900.41—2008,482-03-14]
3.10
电池(组)能量cell (battery) energy
E
在规定的条件下电池(组)输人/出的电能。
[来源:GB/T 2900.41——2008,482-03-21,有修改]
3.11
充电能量charge energy
Ec
在规定条件下电池输入的电能。
3.12
放电能量
discharge energy
Ed
在规定条件下电池输出的电能。
注:能量的国际单位是焦耳(1J=1 Ws),但实际上电池能量通常用瓦时(Wh)(1 Wh=3 600J)来表示
[来源:GB/T 2900.41—2008,482-03-21]
3.13
参考试验电流reference test current
It
数值与额定容量(C)相同的试验电流。
注:单位为安(A)或毫安(mA)。
3.14
充电限制电压limited charging voltage
Ud
制造商规定的电池或电池组的额定最大充电电压。
3.15
放电终止电压end of discharge voltage
Ude
制造商推荐的电池或电池组放电结束时的电压。
3.16
推荐充电电流recommendation charging current
Icr
制造商推荐的恒流充电电流。
3.17
推荐放电电流recommendation discharging current
Idr
制造商推荐的持续放电电流。
4试验条件
4.1试验的环境条件
除非另有规定,试验一般在下列条件下进行:
a)温度:23℃±2℃ ;
b）相对湿度:不大于90 %;
c)气压:86 kPa～106 kPa。
