1 General Provision
1.0.1 This Code is formulated in order to standardize the technical requirements and working procedures of geotechnical investigation for port and waterway engineering, achieve advanced technology, economic rationality, safety and reliability, as well as ensure investigation quality.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the geotechnical investigation of port engineering, waterway engineering, channelized engineering, and hydraulic structure engineering for shipbuilding and repairing yards.
1.0.3 Geotechnical investigation must be carried out according to the basic construction procedures prior to design and construction of port and waterway engineering construction.
1.0.4 In the geotechnical investigation for port and waterway engineering, state-of-the-art technologies, equipment and processes shall be adopted in an active way, further investigation shall be carried out, extensive collection of data and integrated application of multiple investigation means shall be adopted, and the construction sites shall be investigated and evaluated for their geologic and geotechnical engineering conditions and environmental characteristics, so as to provide reliable bases for the design and construction of port and waterway engineering.
1.0.5 Geotechnical investigation for port and waterway engineering shall not only meet the requirements stipulated in this code but also comply with those in the current relevant ones of the nation.
2 Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Geotechnical Investigation for Port and Waterway Engineering
Activities to investigate, analyze and evaluate the geologic and geotechnical engineering conditions and environmental characteristics at the construction site, and to compile the investigation documents according to the requirements of port and waterway engineering construction
2.1.2 Engineering Geologic Survey
Activities to investigate by such modes as data collection, site survey, visual inspection and visit, and to organize engineering geology information into the technical documents
2.1.3 Engineering Geologic Mapping
It refers to the investigation working procedure to observe, measure and describe the engineering geologic conditions at the investigation site, and to mark the relevant geologic elements on the topographic map with legends and symbols.
2.1.4 Geotechnical Exploration
It refers to one kind of means of geotechnical engineering investigation, including boring, trenching exploration, costeaning, test pitting, exploratory tunneling, geophysical exploration and sounding test.
2.1.5 In-situ Test
It refers to the test for the rock-soil mass by the rock-soil mass, basically keeping the original structure, humidity and stress state of rock and soil.
2.1.6 In-situ Monitoring
It refers to the in-situ system monitoring and observation for the rock and soil properties, underground water changes, as well as stress and displacement of rock-soil mass and structures.
2.1.7 Laboratory Test
Test carried out in the laboratory on the rock, soil or water specimens taken for site exploration.
2.1.8 Printing of Bed Surface
The detection method using a plastic detector to rub the bed surface for judging the properties of compositions on the bed surface
2.1.9 Core Recovery
It refers to the ratio (in percent) of the core length drilled per round trip to the footage.
2.1.10 Rock Quality Designation
The ratio of the total length of cores (among the cores drilled in a roundtrip during the consecutive coring by drilling into the rock with Φ75mm diamond bit and double-layer core barrel) with a length greater than 10cm to the footage per round trip, expressed in percentage.
2.1.11 Weak Structural Plane
The structural plane filled with the weak medium that the mechanical strength is obviously lower than the strength of surrounding rock
2.1.12 Weak Intercalated Layer
It refers to the thin layer of lower strength intercalated in the rock mass, such as argillation, softened and fractured thin layer.
2.1.13 Soft Soil
Fine-grained soil whose natural void ratio is greater than or equal to 1.0 and natural water content is greater than the liquid limit. It includes flowing mud, mud, muddy soil, peat and cumulosol.
2.1.14 Bedded Soil
It refers to the soil by interphase stratification of soils of different properties, in the cyclothemic sedimentation, and with obvious bedded structure characteristics.
2.1.15 Adverse Geologic Action
It refers to the geologic action that may be harmful to the engineering construction due to the internal and external agency of the earth.
2.1.16 Earthquake Subsidence
The subsidence on the engineering structure or the ground caused by soil layer densification, extension of plastic zone or strength reduction under the action of intense earthquake
2.1.17 Quick Sand
The phenomenon of sandy soil flowing caused by sharp rise of pore water pressure in soil and sudden drop of soil strength due to the shear shrinkage tendency under undrained conditions in the case of shear stress increase in saturated loose sand
2.2 Symbols
2.2.1 Physical property indexes of rock and soil
Cc——Curvature coefficient;
Cu——Nonuniformity coefficient;
d10——Effective particle size, mm;
d60——Constrained particle size, mm;
Dr——Relative density of sand;
e——Void ratio;
Gs——Specific gravity of soil particle;
IL——Liquidity index;
IP——Plasticity index;
h——Cone penetration depth, mm;
Om——Organic content, %;
Sr——Saturation, %;
w——Moisture content, %;
wL——Liquid limit,%;
wP——Plastic limit,%;
γ——Gravity density (weight density), kN/m3;
ρ——Mass density (density), g/cm3;
ρd——Dry density, g/cm3.
2.2.2 Deformation indexes of rock and soil
a——Compressibility coefficient, MPa-1;
Contents
1 General Provision
2 Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
3 Basic Requirements
4 Rock-soil Classification and Description
4.1 Rock Classification
4.2 Soil Classification
4.3 Rock and Soil Description
5 Basic Requirements for Investigation of Port Engineering
5.1 General Requirements
5.2 Feasibility Study Stage
5.3 Preliminary Design Stage
5.4 Construction Drawing Design Stage
5.5 Investigation during the Construction Period
6 Basic Requirements for Investigation of Waterway Engineering
6.1 General Requirements
6.2 Feasibility Study Stage
6.3 Preliminary Design Stage
6.4 Construction Drawing Design Stage
7 Basic Requirements of Channelized Engineering Investigation
7.1 General Requirements
7.2 Feasibility Study Stage
7.3 Feasibility Study Stage
7.4 Preliminary Design Stage
7.5 Construction Drawing Design Stage
7.6 Investigation during the Construction Period
8 Basic Requirements for Investigation of Hydraulic Structure for Shipbuilding and Repairing Yards
8.1 General Requirements
8.2 Feasibility Study Stage
8.3 Preliminary Design Stage
8.4 Construction Drawing Design Stage
9 Special Investigation
9.1 General Requirements
9.2 Pile Foundation
9.3 Bank Slope and Side Slope
9.4 Foundation Pit
9.5 Dredging
9.6 Hydraulic Reclamation
9.7 Subgrade Treatment
9.8 Natural Construction Material
10 Adverse Geologic Actions and Special Rock and Soil Investigation
10.1 General Requirements
10.2 Seismic Effect Investigation of Site and Subgrade
10.3 Slide Investigation
10.4 Soft Soil
10.5 Mixed Soil
10.6 Fill
10.7 Bedded Soil
10.8 Weathered Rock and Residual Soil
11 Underground water Investigation
12 Engineering Geologic Survey and Mapping
13 Exploration
13.1 General Requirements
13.2 Boring and Sampling
13.3 Costeaning, Trenching Exploration and Exploratory Tunneling
13.4 Geophysical Prospecting
14 In-situ Tests
14.1 General Requirements
14.2 Shallow-Layer Plate Loading Test
14.3 Vane Shear Test
14.4 Static Sounding Test
14.5 Standard Penetration Test
14.6 Cone Dynamic Sounding Test
14.7 Pressuremeter Test
14.8 Wave Speed Testing
15 Laboratory Test
15.1 General Requiments
15.2 Geotechnical Test
15.3 Rock test
15.4 Water and Soil Corrosion Test
16 Geotechnical Engineering Evaluation and Investigation Report
16.1 General Requirements
16.2 Geotechnical Parameter Statistics and Analysis
16.3 Geotechnical Engineering Evaluation
16.4 Geotechnical Investigation Report
Appendix A Rock Mass Weathering Degree Classification
Appendix B Classification of Rock Mass Structure Type
Appendix C Several Kinds of Soil with Common Genetic Types in Port and Waterway Engineering and Engineering Geological Characteristics
Appendix D Common Geologic Symbols and Color Marks
Appendix E Common Legends
Appendix F Explanation of Wording in This Code
Additional Explanations
