Notification of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China
No. 776
Announcement of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China on publishing the national standard Technical code for fluid seal gas holder of industrial enterprises
Technical code for fluid seal gas holder of industrial enterprises has been approved as a national standard with a serial number of GB/T 51094-2015, and shall be implemented from November 1, 2015.
Authorized by the Research Institute of Standards and Norms of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China, this code is published and distributed by China Planning Press.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China
March 8, 2015
Foreword
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
According to the requirements of Document JIANBIAO [2011] No.7 issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China - Notice on printing and distributing the development plan on engineering construction national standards in 2011, this code is prepared by China Petroleum & Chemical Engineering Survey and Design Association and East China Engineering Science & Technology Co., Ltd. jointly with organizations concerned.
During the preparation process of this code, the drafting group, through extensive investigation based on code application specialty, summarization of practical experience over the years and consultation of relevant national and foreign standards, reviewed and finalized the code, on the basis of extensive consultation.
This code consists of 13 clauses and 8 appendices. The main technical contents include: general provisions, terms and symbols, basic requirements, material, basic parameter of construction, designed basic parameter, basic constructional component design, accessory design, gas holder series, gas holder selection, technical requirements for fabrication and inspection on gas holder, technical requirements for acceptance of gas holders, safe operation administration of gas holder, etc.
The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China is in charge of the administration of this code; the Branch of Chemical Engineering, China Association for Engineering Construction Standardization is responsible for the routine management; East China Engineering Science & Technology Co., Ltd. is responsible for the explanation of specific technical contents. In case of any opinion and suggestion in the process of implementing this code, please send a mail to East China Engineering Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Address: No. 70 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230024, China) for reference in future revision.
Technical code for fluid seal gas holder of industrial enterprises
1 General provisions
1.0.1 This code is developed with a view to effective management of low-pressure steel fluid seal gas holders for gas storage in industrial enterprises [hereinafter referred to as the “gas holder(s)”] and to ensuring scientific design, economic rationality and safe operation of gas holders in engineering.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to low-pressure steel fluid seal gas holders of industrial enterprises, and other gas holders for gas storage that meet all of the following conditions;
1 The steel fluid seal gas holders have a design pressure less than or equal to 4,000 Pa and larger than the pressure from the dead weight of lifting part of gas holder;
2 The steel fluid seal gas holders have a nominal volume of 50 m3 ~ 100,000 m3;
3 The steel fluid seal gas holders are used for storage, buffering, pressure regulation and mixing in the installation of chemical industry, petrochemical industry, municipal gas service and biochemical engineering, etc.
1.0.3 This code is not applicable to low-pressure steel fluid seal gas holders containing an extremely or highly hazardous medium that is soluble in water.
1.0.4 In addition to those specified in this code, the design, fabrication, inspection and safe operation administration of low-pressure steel fluid seal gas holders shall also meet the requirements of the current relevant standards of the nation.
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1
pressure
pressure generated by the compression of gas stored in gas holder, which, unless otherwise indicated, refers to gauge pressure
2.1.2
operating pressure
gas storage pressure generated by the dead weight of movable segment structure of gas holder piston structure (including the counterweight); for multiple movable segments of gas holder, indicate the operating pressure where the bell jar is lifted and the ones where other movable segments are lifted
2.1.3
design pressure
maximum operating pressure generated during the operation of gas holder
2.1.4
calculating pressure
pressure used for determining the calculating thickness of each part or each component of gas holder
2.1.5
design temperature
mental temperature set for wall plates and pressure components of gas holder in normal use
2.1.6
type non-outer-guiding gas holder
vertical-lift gas holder composed of movable segments welded on the wall of movable segments with straight guide rails
2.1.7
type outer-guiding vertical-lift steel gas holder
vertical-lift gas holder composed of straight guide rails with outer guide rail frame and movable segments
2.1.8
type spiral steel gas holder
spirally lifted gas holder composed of movable segments welded on the wall of movable segments with spiral guide rails
2.1.9
single movable segments of gas holder
gas holder composed of a water tank and a movable segment (or segment for short)
2.1.10
multiple movable segments of gas holder
gas holder composed of a water tank and two or more movable segments
2.1.11
nominal volume of gas holder
rounded value of the total volume calculated by the available storage volumes in the movable segments of gas holder (rounded to 1 ~ 2 significant digits)
2.1.12
main components of gas holder
water tank, guide pulley, bell jar, medium segment (I, II and III), counterweight, guide rail and other component of type non-outer-guiding gas holder, type outer-guiding vertical-lift steel gas holder or type spiral steel gas holder
2.1.13
movable segments number of gas holder
number of movable segment constituting a gas holder for gas storage, which is expressed by “n”
2.1.14
segment clearance of gas holder
difference between the inner radii of two adjacent segments, which is expressed by “∆r”, that is, difference between the inner radii of the movable segment and the steel water tank of gas holder or difference between the inner radii of adjacent movable segments
2.2 Symbols
Ps——the design pressure of gas holder;
P——the operating pressure of gas holder;
P1, P2, …, Pn——the gas operating pressure when the bell jar and medium segments I, II, …, n are lifted (with the gravity of counterweight taken into account);
S0——the reference snow pressure in the area;
Sk——the characteristic value of snow load;
Wk——the characteristic value of wind load;
W0——the reference wind pressure in the area;
Ws——the dead weight of jar top;
D0, D1, D2, …, Dn——the inner diameter of water tank, bell jar and medium segments I, II, …, n of gas holder;
hj1——the maximum descending height of water column outside the lower ring after the movable segment is fully lifted;
hj2——the height allowance in case of movable segment inclination;
hj3——the height of lower ring backing plate;
∆h——the hydraulic gland allowance;
Hj——the hydraulic gland height of hydraulic gland ring;
Hj1——the height of upper ring sealing plate;
Hj2——the effective height of lower ring sealing plate;
Hj3——the allowance from the highest water level in the hydraulic gland to the top surface of ring;
Hj4——the distance from the overflow surface of tank to the top surface of water tank platform;
Hj5——the distance from the lower opening of upper ring sealing plate to the overflow port of water tank, where the movable segments descend onto the template beam, that is, the depth of upper ring sealing plate immersed in water;
C——the addition to thickness;
C1——the negative deviation of thickness;
C2——the corrosion allowance;
δi——the thickness of gas holder wall;
λ——the slenderness ratio of a member;
λz——the diameter-height ratio;
Φ——the welded joint coefficient.
Foreword ii
1 General provisions
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
3 Basic requirements
3.1 Scope of gas holder
3.2 Qualification and obligation
3.3 Load
3.4 Thickness and size
3.5 Welded joint coefficient
3.6 Determination of pressure and temperature
4 Material
4.1 General requirement
4.2 Steel sheet
4.3 Steel pipe
4.4 Profile steel
4.5 Forged piece
4.6 Casting
4.7 Bolt, threaded stud and nut
4.8 Welding material
4.9 Allowable contact stress of guide pulley and guide rail
4.10 Allowable bend stress of guide pulley shaft
5 Basic parameter of construction
5.1 Diameter-height ratio
5.2 Confirmation on movable segments number of gas holder
5.3 Segment clearance
5.4 Relevant size of hydraulic gland ring
5.5 Water tank level
5.6 Safety hood immersion depth
5.7 Movable segment rising limit altitude
5.8 Available volume
6 Designed basic parameter
6.1 Working volume of gas holder
6.2 Operating pressure of gas holder
6.3 Relevant condition
6.4 Confirmation on type of gas holder
6.5 Gas holder design condition table
7 Basic constructional component design
7.1 Water tank base plate design
7.2 Water tank wall design
7.3 Water tank platform design
7.4 Bell jar top design
7.5 Movable segment wall plate design
7.6 Hydraulic gland ring design
7.7 Movable segment bottom ring design
7.8 Design for inside column of movable segment
7.9 Guide rail design
7.10 Guide pulley design
8 Accessory design
8.1 Gas conduit
8.2 Counterweight design
8.3 Nozzle and opening reinforcement
8.4 Water tank overflow device
8.5 Ladder, platform and railing
8.6 Sump and flush cleaning hole
8.7 Volume indication and volume control
8.8 Isolation trench design
8.9 Water make-up design
8.10 Antifreeze design
8.11 Lightning protection design
8.12 Flame trap
8.13 Setting of hydraulic gland for gas conduit
8.14 Requirements of basic design of gas holder
8.15 Corrosion-prevention design
9 Gas holder series
9.1 Volume specification series
9.2 Permissible load of gas holder series
9.3 Operating restriction condition of gas holder series
10 Gas holder selection
10.1 Gas holder volume confirmation
10.3 Gas holder permissible operating pressure : [P] confirmation
10.4 Design load
10.5 Relevant characteristics design of storage medium
10.6 Design of size and type of in-and-out gas pipe
10.7 Consideration on antifreeze scheme
10.8 Design of ground treatment and gas-holder foundation
10.9 Design of overflow device
10.10 Associated parts
11 Technical requirements for fabrication and inspection on gas holder
11.1 Member prefabrication
11.2 Prefabrication
11.3 Assembly and welding
11.4 Requirements for corrosion-prevention work
12 Technical requirements for acceptance of gas holders
12.1 Foundation acceptance
12.2 Quality inspection of welded joints during construction
12.3 Leak test of base plate
12.4 Water injection test
12.5 Inflation test
12.6 Indirect airtight inspection
12.7 Elevation and subsidence test
12.8 Overall acceptance of gas holder
13 Safe operation administration of gas holder
13.1 Air supply operation
13.2 Operation monitoring and control
13.3 Cut-off operation
13.4 Special working condition operation
Appendix A Wind load calculation
Appendix B Snow load calculation
Appendix C Gas holder seismic design
Appendix D Spherical arching design
Appendix E Calculation of guide pulley pressure
Appendix F The stability calculation of axial compression member and beam-columns
Appendix G Observation method of water tank foundation settlement
Appendix H Series of parameters of gas holder volume specifications
Explanation of wording in this code
List of quoted standards
UDC
GB
中华人民共和国国家标准
P
GB／T 51094-2015
工业企业湿式气柜技术规范
Technical code for fluid seal gas
holder of industrial enterprises
2015-03-08发布 2015-11-01实施
中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部 联合发布
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局
中华人民共和国国家标准
工业企业湿式气柜技术规范
Technical code for fluid seal gas
holder of industrial enterprises
GB／T 51094-2015
主编部门：中国工程建设标准化协会化工分会
批准部门：中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部
施行日期：2015年11月1日
中国计划出版社
2015北京
中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部公告
第776号
住房城乡建设部关于发布国家标准
《工业企业湿式气柜技术规范》的公告
现批准《工业企业湿式气柜技术规范》为国家标准，编号为GB／T 51094-2015，自2015年11月1日起实施。
本规范由我部标准定额研究所组织中国计划出版社出版发行。
中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部
2015年3月8日
前言
本规范是根据住房和城乡建设部《关于印发〈2011年工程建设国家标准制订计划〉的通知》(建标〔2011〕7号)的要求，由中国石油和化工勘察设计协会和东华工程科技股份有限公司会同有关单位共同编制完成。
本规范在编制过程中，结合规范应用专业的特点进行了比较广泛的调查研究，通过总结多年来的实践经验，参考国外、国内有关标准，并在广泛征求意见的基础上，最后经审查定稿。
本规范共分13章和8个附录，主要技术内容包括：总则，术语和符号，基本规定，材料，结构基本参数，设计基本参数，基本结构元件设计，附属件设计，气柜系列，气柜的选用，气柜的制造、检验技术要求，气柜的验收技术要求，气柜的安全运行管理等。
本规范由住房和城乡建设部负责管理，由中国工程建设标准化协会化工分会负责日常管理，由东华工程科技股份有限公司负责具体技术内容的解释。执行过程中如有意见和建议，请寄送东华工程科技股份有限公司(地址：安徽省合肥市望江东路70号，邮政编码：230024)，以供今后修订时参考。
本规范主编单位、参编单位、主要起草人和主要审查人：
主编单位：中国石油和化工勘察设计协会
东华工程科技股份有限公司
参编单位：中国石化集团上海工程有限公司
合肥工业大学
安徽淮化股份有限公司
中国化学工程第三建设有限公司
主要审查人：杨晓新 乔海星 李伟 赵乃文 刘博 芦玲 陈仓社 何力 倪云峰 杨同莲 王晓民 沈晓烨
1 总则
1.0.1 为了有效地开展对工业企业储气用钢制低压湿式气柜(以下简称气柜)的管理，保证气柜在工程中设计科学、经济合理、运行安全，制定本规范。
1.0.2 本规范适用于工业企业钢制低压湿式气柜，并应同时符合下列条件的储气用气柜；
1 设计压力小于或等于4000Pa且大于气柜升降部分自重产生的压力的钢制湿式气柜；
2 公称容积规格为50m3～100000m3的钢制湿式气柜；
3 化学工业、石油化工、市政燃气和生化工程等领域的装置中起到储存、缓冲、稳压、混合作用的钢制湿式气柜。
1.0.3 本规范不适用于盛装的介质毒性为极度危害、高度危害和介质易溶于水的钢制低压湿式气柜。
1.0.4 钢制低压湿式气柜的设计、制造、检验、验收和安全运行管理除应符合本规范外，尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。
2 术语和符号
2.1 术语
2.1.1 压力 pressure
由气柜储存的气体受压缩产生的压力，除注明外，压力均指表压力。
2.1.2 工作压力 operating pressure
由气柜活动节结构自重(包括配重)产生的储气气体压力。对于多塔节气柜，应分别注明钟罩升起和其他活动塔节升起时的工作压力。
2.1.3 设计压力 design pressure
在气柜工作过程中产生的最高工作压力。
2.1.4 计算压力 calculating pressure
用以确定气柜各部位或元件计算厚度的压力。
2.1.5 设计温度 design temperature
在正常使用情况下，设定的气柜壁板及受压元件的金属温度。
2.1.6 无外导架直升式气柜 type non-outer-guiding gas holder
由焊接于活动节塔壁上的直导轨形式的活动节所组成的直升式气柜。
2.1.7 有外导架直升式气柜 type outer-guiding vertical-lift steel gas holder
由带外导轨架直导轨和活动节组成的直升式气柜。
2.1.8 螺旋气柜 type spiral steel gas holder
由焊接于活动节塔壁上的导轨为螺旋形的活动节所组成的螺旋升降式的气柜。
2.1.9 单节气柜 single movable segments of gas holde
由水槽与一个活动塔节(或简称塔)所组成的气柜。
2.1.10 多节气柜 multiple movable segments of gas holde
由水槽与两个或两个以上活动塔节所组成的气柜。
2.1.11 气柜公称容积 nominal volume of gas holder
由气柜活动节内可以有效利用的储存容积计算的总容积的圆整值(圆整值为1～2位有效数字)。
2.1.12 气柜主要元件 main components of gas holder
无外导架直升式气柜、有外导架直升式气柜和螺旋气柜的水槽、导轮、钟罩、中节(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)、配重块、导轨等元件。
2.1.13 气柜活动节节数 movable segments number of gas holde
组成储气作用的气柜的活动塔节的数量，用n表示。
2.1.14 塔节间隙 segment clearance of gas holde
由相邻两塔节内半径相减得到的差值，用∆r表示，即：气柜活动节与钢水槽之间的内半径之差或者各活动塔节之间的内半径之差。
2.2 符号
Ps——气柜的设计压力；
P——气柜的工作压力；
P1、P2、…、Pn———(计入配重块重力)钟罩、中节Ⅰ、中节Ⅱ、…，中节n升起时的气体工作压力；
S0——地区基本雪压；
Sk——雪荷载标准值；
Wk——风荷载标准值；
W0——地区基本风压；
Ws——罩顶自重；
D0、D1、D2、…、Dn——水槽、钟罩、中节Ⅰ、Ⅱ、…、中节n的塔体内径；
hj1——活动节全升起后，下挂圈外侧水柱下降的最大高度；
hj2——考虑活动节发生倾斜的高度裕量；
hj3——下挂圈垫板高度；
∆h——水封裕度；
Hj——水封挂圈的水封高度；
Hj1——上挂圈封板高度；
Hj2——下挂圈封板的有效高度；
Hj3——水封内最高水位至挂圈顶面距离预留量；
Hj4——水槽溢流面至水槽平台顶面的距离；
Hj5——活动节下降在垫梁上，上挂圈封板下口至水槽溢流口的距离，即为上挂圈封板浸入水中的深度；
C——厚度附加量；
C1——厚度负偏差；
C2——腐蚀裕量；
δi——气柜壁的厚度；
λ——构件长细比；
λz——径高比；
Φ——焊接接头系数。
3 基本规定
3.1 气柜的范围
3.1.1 气柜与外部管道的连接界面应为下列类型：
1 焊接连接的第一道环向接头坡口端面；
2 法兰连接的第一个法兰密封面；
3 专用连接件或管件连接的第一个密封面。
3.1.2 气柜设计应包括壳体上的接管、人孔、手孔等的成型封头、平盖及紧固件。
3.1.3 气柜设计计算应涵盖支承元件、开孔补强元件及其与壳体的连接焊接接头等。
3.1.4 气柜设计应涵盖直接安装在气柜上的安全泄放装置或安全指示装置。
3.2 资格与职责
3.2.1 气柜的设计单位应具备气柜设计能力，施工单位应具备气柜施工能力和施工经验，气柜的设计、施工单位应具有健全的质量管理体系。
3.2.2 设计单位应对设计文件(包括设计计算书和设计图样)的正确性、完整性负责；施工单位应按设计图样要求进行气柜的施工；施工单位施工中如需修改原设计，应事先取得原设计单位的书面同意；亦可在原设计单位同意的情况下，由施工单位对原设计进行修改，此时，施工单位应对修改部分的正确性和完整性负责。
3.2.3 施工单位在气柜施工的过程中和完工后，应按本规范规定和设计图样要求，对气柜进行各项具体的检验和试验，编制检验报告，并对检验报告的准确性和完整性负责。
3.3 荷载
3.3.1 气柜设计荷载应包括：介质工作压力、液柱静压力、风荷载、雪荷载、地震荷载、活荷载、恒荷载。
3.3.2 气柜设计参数的取值应符合下列规定：
1 介质工作压力应取气柜正常运行过程中储气的压力。
2 液柱静压力应取水槽中水对槽壁的最大压力。
3 气柜的风荷载应按附录A计算。
4 气柜的雪荷载应按附录B计算。
5 气柜的地震荷载应按附录C计算。
6 活荷载应依据实际状况计算确定，也可近似取为下列数值：
1) 钟罩罩顶及其支承结构水平投影面上的施工荷载取0.687 kN／m2；
2) 平台、走道的均布活荷载取不小于2.453kN／m2；
3) 扶梯每级踏步应能承受的集中活载荷取1.470kN；
4) 栏杆结构在扶手顶部的任意点应能承受任何方向的活荷载取0.883kN。
7 恒荷载的取值应符合下列规定：
1) 恒荷载应包括气柜本体自重、上部及下部的配重块重、水封挂圈内水重，水槽内水的静压力；
2) 进行强度计算时，罩顶有关部件的呆重面荷载可依据实际状况计算确定，也可按表3.3.2的规定选取。
