1 Scope
This document provides guidance and recommendations for safe operating procedures for high power laser manufacturing equipment. Information is given on equipment documentation and records, installation and use environment inspection assessments, laser radiation hazard assessments, non-optical radiation hazard assessments, marking and labelling inspections, control measures inspections, and laser safety officers, laser safety management committees and safety training in relation to the points to be considered.
This document applies to Class 3B or Class 4 laser products, including manufacturing equipment embedded with a Class 3B or Class 4 laser source, that are intended for industrial manufacture and those that are not intended for industrial manufacture but may be used by the user in manufacturing under reasonable conditions. This document does not apply to laser products for purposes including entertainment, demonstration, calibration, measurement, education and medical use.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document by means of normative references in the text. Where a reference is dated, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; where a reference is not dated, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB 7247.1-2012 Safety of Laser Products Part 1: Equipment Classification, Requirements
GB/T 7247.5-2017 Safety of Laser Products Part 5: Manufacturer's Checklist on GB 7247.1
GB/T 7247.13-2018 Safety of Laser Products - Part 13: Classification Measurement of Laser Products
GB/T 15313-2008 Glossary Terms
1EC 60825-1:2014 Safety of Laser Crystallization Part 1: Equipment Classification Safety of last products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB7247.1-2012, GB/T 15313-2008, GB/T 7247.13-2018 and IEC 60825-1:2014, as well as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document.
4 General provisions
Good and complete safe operating procedures for high-power laser manufacturing equipment, well documented equipment information, correct hazard assessment, effective control measures, comprehensive documentation, and appropriate education and training are essential for the use of high-power laser manufacturing equipment.
Safe operating procedures for high-power laser manufacturing equipment should cover the full lifecycle of the equipment and should be implemented and maintained by a dedicated person to ensure that they are properly implemented and that feedback and improvements are made based on practice.
5 Factors to consider
5.1 Equipment documentation retention
5.2 Environmental safety checks
Environmental safety inspections of high power laser manufacturing equipment should include, but are not limited to:
5.3 Documentation of basic equipment information
Basic information on high power laser manufacturing equipment should include the safety category (Class 3B or Class 4), pump source, mode of operation, beam wavelength, maximum output energy (or power), beam pattern, beam diameter, beam divergence angle and other information. Suggestions to help record basic information are given in Tables A.1 to A.3 in Appendix A.
5.4 Hazard assessment
5.4.1 Hazard assessment of laser radiation
5.4.1.1 General rules for laser radiation hazard assessment
When assessing the hazards of laser radiation, a hazard assessment process is considered. Recommendations to assist in documenting the assessment of laser radiation hazard assessment and protection are given in the appendix. Appendix B gives examples of the calculation of legacy parameters for laser radiation hazard assessment. In general, based on the correct classification and validation of high-power laser manufacturing equipment according to GB7247.1-2012 and GB/T7247.5-2017, the applicable laser radiation hazard parameters should be selected for further evaluation to help establish an access system or take appropriate protective measures. Laser radiation hazard parameters should include, but are not limited to:
5.5 Marking
In addition to the laser product safety markings, warning labels and window markings specified in GB 7247.1-2012, it is advisable to add information such as the name and contact details of the person responsible for the equipment, visual and audible warnings, access markings, etc. Table A.6 gives recommendations to help record marking information. 5.6 Control measures
5.6.1 Engineering controls
In addition to what is specified in Chapter 9 of GB/T7247,5-2017, it is advisable to add information on whether the path is not at eye level when operated by personnel standing or sitting, whether there is reflective material on the light path, whether there is a protective cover over the processing area, and whether the workplace windows are hung with curtains or are made of light-filtering material. Table A.7 gives suggestions to help record information on engineering controls.
5.6.2 Personal protection
The main consideration for personal protection controls is the choice of goggles. Where necessary, personal protection should consider protective clothing, protective gloves, etc. Where possible, goggles should be selected with a transmission (optical) density OD greater than that required to attenuate the applicable wavelength of laser light below the MPE, which is appropriate for the wavelength of laser radiation to which the human eye is exposed, with reference to Table 6 for the limiting aperture of the MPE value on which they are based.
5.6.3 Management (administrative) protection
It is desirable to establish both top-down and bottom-up processes, including laser safety management committees to develop strategies for the safe operation of high-power laser manufacturing equipment, regulatory risk planning, training and certification; and to include active advice and effective feedback from laser safety officers on safe operating procedures. Administrative safeguards should include safety education and training on access systems.
6 Laser Safety Officer
6.1 Overview
The laser safety officer may be employed on a full-time or part-time basis. The role of the Laser Safety Officer is to implement and maintain laser safety operating procedures, assess and control hazards at high-power laser manufacturing equipment in their area. Inspect control measures and have the authority to take mandatory control measures in certain circumstances. Supervises the safety of all personnel in the controlled area with regard to optical radiation and ensures that the procedures are in accordance with the requirements of the laser safety operating procedures. Responsible for keeping relevant documentation on file. The laser safety officer is expected to attend training and pass the test.
6.2 Desirable knowledge and skills
7 Laser Safety Management Committee
7.1 Overview
The purpose of the Laser Safety Committee is to strengthen the organisation's laser safety management, including decisions on regulatory risks, legal risks, management, work plans involving employees, communication, training and certification, and other matters affecting laser safety. The Laser Safety Committee is expected to maintain and improve laser safety operational procedures in accordance with the organisation's development strategy and to consider the maintenance and improvement of laser safety operational procedures, including through regular meetings.
7.2 Membership of the Laser Safety Committee
8 Laser safety training
8.1 Overview
In general, there are three types of laser safety training: initial, intermediate and advanced. It is advisable to have an assessment for the training.
8.2 Initial training
The aim of initial training is to ensure that the relevant personnel have the necessary laser safety awareness and basic competence. Initial training should include, but not be limited to:
a) Basic knowledge of laser principles;
b) Eye and skin damage caused by laser radiation;
c) Safety classification of laser products, warning labels and instructional markings;
d) Non-optical radiation hazards;
e) engineering/administrative/personal protective measures.
8.3 Intermediate training
The aim of the intermediate training is to ensure that personnel are familiar with the basic parameters of laser radiation hazard assessment based on an understanding of the mechanisms of interaction between laser radiation and biological tissue, are able to determine the radiation levels of laser products and exercise due diligence with regard to possible hazards. The intermediate training builds on the initial training and should include, but is not limited to:
a) Mechanisms of laser radiation interaction with biological tissue;
b) International and national laser safety standards and regulations;
c) understanding of laser radiation hazard parameters;
d) Laser protection situations;
e) Lessons learned from laser safety incidents.
8.4 Advanced training
The aim of the advanced training is to ensure that the personnel concerned have knowledge of the calculation of laser radiation hazard parameters and are able to implement, monitor and maintain laser safety operating procedures and to deal with laser safety incidents. The content of the advanced training builds on the initial and intermediate training and should include, but is not limited to:
a) Calculation of laser radiation hazard parameters;
b) understanding of safe laser operating procedures and requirements;
c) Supervision, maintenance and improvement of safe laser operation procedures;
d) emergency response;
E) practical exercises.
Appendix A (Informative) Schedule
Appendix B (informative) Examples of calculation methods
Bibliography
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General provisions
5 Factors to consider
6 Laser Safety Officer
7 Laser Safety Management Committee
8 Laser safety training
Appendix A (Informative) Schedule
Appendix B (informative) Examples of calculation methods
Bibliography
