ICS 43.120
CCS T 47
National Standard of the People’s Republic of China
GB 18384-2025
Replaces GB 18384-2020
Electric vehicles safety requirements
电动汽车安全要求
English Translation
Issue date: 2025-12-31 Implementation date: 2026-07-01
Issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword II
Introduction III
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Voltage class 2
5 Safety requirements 2
5.1 Requirements for protection of persons against electric shock 2
5.2 Requirements for protection of complete vehicle base 7
5.3 Requirements for safety function protection 7
5.4 Requirements for traction battery 8
5.5 Requirements for protection from vehicle collision 8
5.6 Requirements for flame retardant protection of vehicles 8
5.7 Requirements for vehicle charging coupler 8
5.8 Requirements for vehicle alarm and prompting 8
5.9 Requirements for vehicle event data recording 8
5.10 Requirements for electromagnetic compatibility 9
5.11 User's manual 9
6 Test methods 9
6.1 Protection against direct contact 9
6.2 Protection against indirect contact 9
6.3 Requirements for protection of complete vehicle base 15
6.4 Safety function protection 16
7 Judgment of the same type 17
8 Implementation of standard 18
Annex A (Normative) Methods for verifying the waterproof performance of voltage class B components 19
Bibliography 21
Electric vehicles safety requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the safety requirements and test methods for electric vehicles.
This document is applicable to the electric vehicles whose maximum working voltage is Class B.
It is not applicable to the road vehicles that are continuously connected to the grid during driving.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 4094.2-2017 Electric vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB 8410 Flammability of automotive interior materials
GB 11551 The protection of the occupants in the event of a frontal collision for motor vehicle
GB/T 12113-2023 Methods of measurement of touch current and protective conductor current
GB 17354 Front and rear protective devices for passenger cars
GB/T 18385-2024 Battery electric vehicles - Power performance - Test method
GB/T 18387 Limits and test method of magnetic and electric field strength from electric vehicles
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 19752-2024 Hybrid electric vehicles - Power performance - Test method
GB/T 19836 Instrumentation for electric vehicles
GB 20071 The protection of the occupants in the event of a lateral collision
GB 20072 The requirements of safety in the event of rear-end collision for passenger car
GB/T 20234.1 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 1: General requirements
GB 26134 Roof crush resistance of passenger cars
GB/T 31498 Post crash safety requirement for electric vehicle
GB 34660 Road vehicles - Requirements and test methods of electromagnetic compatibility
GB 38031 Electric vehicles traction battery safety requirements
GB/T 38892 On-board driving video recording system
GB 39732 Vehicle event data recorder system
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 19596 and the following apply.
3.1
rechargeable electrical energy storage system; REESS
energy storage system that is rechargeable and can provide electrical energy
3.2
high voltage service disconnect
device with class B voltage part and used to disconnect the high voltage electric circuit during inspection or repair of class B voltage part
3.3
low voltage service disconnect
device without class B voltage part and used to disconnect the high voltage electric circuit during inspection or repair of class B voltage part
3.4
conductive connection
electric connection by conductors
3.5
high voltage connector
components with one or more sets of conductor terminals and insulating sheaths for electric connection and separation between high voltage cables and between high voltage cables and high voltage components of electric vehicles
[Source: GB/T 37133-2025, 3.1]
3.6
direct driving
control of a vehicle by a driver through steering wheel, brake pedal, gearshift, accelerator pedal, etc.
3.7
cut off the power of propulsion system
disconnection of high-voltage circuit of the entire vehicle, with at least the high-voltage circuit between the drive system and the rechargeable energy storage system disconnected For fuel cell vehicles, the circuit between the fuel cell system and the drive system shall be disconnected simultaneously.
3.8
touch current
electric current that flows through the human body or animal body when touching one or more accessible parts and components of a device or equipment
[Source: GB/T 12113-2023, 3.1]
4 Voltage class
4.1 The electrical elements or electric circuits shall be rated as follows by their maximum working voltage, as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Voltage class
In volts
Voltage class Maximum working voltage (U)
d.c. a.c.
A 0
