GB 16543-2025 Safety specification for explosion prevention and protection on bituminous coal injection system into blast furnace English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
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ICS 55.200
CCS H 57
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB 16543-2025
Replaces GB 16543-2008
Safety specification for explosion prevention and protection on bituminous coal injection system into blast furnace
高炉喷吹烟煤系统防爆安全规范
Issue date: 2025-10-31 Implementation date: 2026-11-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 General Requirements
5 Building and Structure Requirements
5.1 Plant Buildings
5.2 Raw Coal Bins
6 Process System and Equipment Requirements
6.1 Coal Mills
6.2 Coal Bins, Bin Pumps, Storage Tanks, and Injection Tanks
6.3 Piping
6.4 System Operation
7 Explosion Control Measures
7.1 Ignition Source Prevention
7.2 Fire Extinguishing Measures
7.3 Inerting Measures
7.4 Explosion Venting
7.5 Explosion Isolation
7.6 Monitoring, Alarm, and Safety Interlocks
8 Operational Safety Management
8.1 Maintenance and Repair
8.2 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Requirements
8.3 Hot Work
8.4 Dust Cleaning
9 Verification Methods
1 Scope
This document specifies the general requirements for dust explosion prevention and protection measures in blast furnace injection of bituminous coal systems and mixed coal systems, including detailed requirements for buildings, structures, process systems, equipment, explosion control measures, and operational safety management. It also describes verification methods.
This document applies to the design, production, maintenance, repair, and management of dust explosion prevention and protection measures in blast furnace injection of bituminous coal systems and mixed coal systems.
2 Normative References
The provisions of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document through normative citations. For dated references, only the cited version applies; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.
GB/T 3836.35 Explosive Atmospheres – Part 35: Classification of Explosive Dust Atmospheres
GB 12158 General Requirements for Preventing Static Electricity Accidents
GB 15577 Safety Regulations for Dust Explosion Prevention
GB/T 15604 Terms for Dust Explosion Prevention
GB 15605 Standards for Dust Explosion Venting
GB 39800.1 Specification for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – Part 1: General Requirements
GB 46768 Technical Specifications for Confined Space Operations
GB 50058 Code for Design of Electrical Installations in Explosive Atmospheres
GB 50414 Fire Protection Design Standards for Iron and Steel Metallurgical Enterprises
GB 50607 Design Code for Blast Furnace Coal Injection Engineering
TSG 21 Safety Technical Supervision Regulations for Stationary Pressure Vessels
3 Terms and Definitions
Terms and definitions defined in GB/T 15604 and the following apply to this document.
3.1 Pulverized Bituminous Coal
A collection of coal particles with dry ash-free volatile matter content exceeding 10%, capable of suspension in airflow.
Note: Abbreviated as "pulverized coal."
3.2 Blast Furnace Bituminous Coal Injection System
The entire production system from raw coal storage in the coal injection area to drying, pulverization, transportation, and injection into the blast furnace.
3.3 Pulverized Coal Preparation System
The system from raw coal bins, heating furnaces, and gas supply systems to pulverized coal silos, including drying, grinding, collecting, and storing pulverized coal.
3.4 Pulverized Coal Conveying System
The system from silo pumps after the pulverized coal preparation system to bag filters before the injection system.
Note: Abbreviated as "conveying system."
3.5 Pulverized Coal Injection System
The system from injection tanks to injection lances, delivering pulverized coal into the blast furnace with carrier gas.
Note: Abbreviated as "injection system."
3.6 Drying Medium
Inert gas at elevated temperature used for drying and conveying pulverized coal in the preparation system.
3.7 Carrying Medium
Gas used to convey pulverized coal in the conveying and injection systems.
3.8 Pulverized Coal Silo
A container for temporarily storing pulverized coal at atmospheric pressure.
3.9 Pulverized Coal Storage Tank
A pressure vessel in the injection system that receives pulverized coal from silos at atmospheric pressure and discharges it into injection tanks under pressure.
3.10 Injection Tank
A pressure vessel with operating pressure exceeding blast furnace hot blast pressure.
3.11 Mixer
A device for gas-powder mixing and output.
3.12 Fluidizer
A device for fluidizing pulverized coal in containers.
3.13 Mixed Coal
A mixture of different coal types (e.g., bituminous and anthracite).
4 General Requirements
4.1 Identify dust explosion risks in the bituminous coal injection system, including the number, location, and hazardous zones of equipment. Assess explosion risks and implement measures to eliminate or control them effectively.
4.2 Establish dust explosion prevention safety management systems (including dust collection system management) and operational procedures. Procedures must include safety measures for explosion prevention and emergency response.
4.3 During design and production, control the following hazards:
a) Spontaneous combustion of raw coal in storage areas, silos, or bins, leading to ignited coal entering mills.
b) Blockages or interruptions in coal feed, causing temperature spikes.
c) Pulverized coal combustion due to:
1) Dead zones in containers or pipelines;
2) Loaded mill trips;
3) Excessive heating furnace air temperature;
4) Air ingress into inert-gas-filled equipment;
5) Hot air or flammable gas backflow into raw coal bins.
d) Combustible gas release during grinding, forming explosive mixtures.
e) Free radicals promoting coal combustion.
f) Significant deviations between actual and design coal types.
g) Fire risks triggering explosions or vice versa.
h) Asphyxiation hazards from inert gas in equipment.
i) Inadequate maintenance or operation by untrained personnel.
j) Stronger explosion forces and shorter ignition cycles in air-pressurized systems.
k) Unreliable oxygen-coal lance safety interlocks.
