SY/T 7823-2024 Specification for horizontal well hydraulic fracturing English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
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ICS
E
Professional standard of the People's Republic of China
SY/T 7823-2024
Specification for horizontal well hydraulic fracturing
水平井压裂工艺技术规范
(English Translation)
Issue date: 2024-12-25 Implementation date: 2025-06-25
Issued by National Development and Reform Commission, P.R.C
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Horizontal Well Fracturing Design
4.1 Data Preparation
4.2 Fracturing Design Principles
4.3 Optimization of Fracture Arrangement Patterns and Fracturing Sequence for 3D Development
4.4 Optimization of Fracturing Technology Selection
4.5 Perforation Optimization
4.6 Fracturing Parameter Optimization
4.7 Fracturing Fluid Selection
4.8 Proppant Selection
5 Horizontal Well Staged Fracturing String and Operation
5.1 Bridge Plug Staged Fracturing
5.2 Hydraulic Jet Staged Fracturing
5.3 Dual Packer Single Sliding Sleeve Staged Fracturing
5.4 Open Hole Packer Staged Fracturing
6 Fracture Monitoring and Data Acquisition Requirements
7 Post-Fracturing Wellbore Treatment and Production Requirements
8 Fracturing Risk Identification and Emergency Plans
9 Health, Safety and Environmental Protection Requirements
Annex A (Informative) Fracturing Engineering Design Format
Annex B (Informative) Fracturing Operation Site Quality Control Table
Technical Specification for Horizontal Well Fracturing
1 Scope
This document specifies the terms and definitions, horizontal well fracturing design, horizontal well staged fracturing string and operation, fracture monitoring and data acquisition requirements, post-fracturing wellbore treatment and production requirements, fracturing risk identification and emergency plans, and health, safety, and environmental protection requirements for horizontal well fracturing technology.
This document is applicable to the design and operation of horizontal well fracturing. Offshore hydraulic fracturing design may refer to it for execution.
2 Normative References
The following documents contain provisions which, through normative reference in this text, constitute essential provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
NB/T 14002.4 Shale gas – Reservoir stimulation – Part 4: Recommended practice for pumping plug-perf combined operation in horizontal well
NB/T 14003.1 Shale gas – Fracturing fluid – Part 1: Performance指标 and evaluation method of slick water
SY/T 5107 Evaluation method for properties of water-based fracturing fluid
SY/T 5108 Performance testing of proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operations
SY/T 5289 Evaluation methods for fracturing design, operation and post-frac results of oil, gas and water wells
SY/T 5325 Technical specification for conventional perforating operation
SY/T 5467 Specification for casing string pressure testing
SY/T 5587 Code for conventional workover job
SY/T 5727 Safety specification for downhole operation
SY/T 6125 Technological procedures for gas well testing, production and performance monitoring
SY/T 6276 Petroleum and natural gas industries – Health, safety and environmental management systems
SY/T 6277 Specification for personal protection in hydrogen sulfide environment
SY/T 6302 Measurement method of proppant conductivity
SY/T 6610 Safety specification for downhole operation in hydrogen sulfide environment
SY/T 6690 Technical code for well control in downhole operation
SY/T 7305 Technical code for coiled tubing operation
SY/T 7627 Technical requirements for water-based fracturing fluid
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
3D oil and gas development
A fracturing method that adopts multi-layer well placement to simultaneously develop and fully stimulate multi-layered reservoir systems.
3.2
multi-stage multi-cluster hydraulic fracturing
Fracturing is carried out stage by stage from the toe to the heel using methods such as packers, bridge plugs, and balls, with multi-cluster perforation and fracturing performed in each stage.
3.3
cluster spacing
Within the same fracturing stage, the distance of the unperforated horizontal section between two adjacent perforation clusters (the length of the cluster perforation is negligible), expressed in meters (m).
3.4
stage length
The length of a fracturing stage in horizontal well staged fracturing, expressed in meters (m).
3.5
engineering sweet-spot
Reservoir attributes favorable for forming complex fracture networks, such as good fracability and high brittleness index.
3.6
perf/plug fracturing
A technique that uses bridge plugs for isolation to achieve staged fracturing in horizontal wells.
3.7
temporary plugging
During the fracturing process, adding temporary plugging materials of different types (e.g., temporary plugging balls, agents, powders, knots, fibers), particle sizes, and strengths to block fracturing perforation holes or intra-layer fractures.
3.8
limited-entry (XLE)
During fracturing, by adjusting the number of perforations, the pressure caused by perforation friction exceeds the breakdown pressure difference between perforation clusters, causing all clusters to fracture simultaneously, thereby stimulating intervals with different breakdown pressures concurrently.
3.8 (Note: There appears to be a numbering duplication in the source text)
perforating hole erosion
During the proppant addition process in fracturing, the grinding and erosion effect of fracturing sand on the perforation holes, leading to hole radius enlargement and shape change.
3.9
fluid intensity
The average fluid injection volume per unit length of the fractured horizontal section, expressed in cubic meters per meter (m³/m).
3.10
proppants intensity
The average proppant addition volume per unit length of the fractured horizontal section, expressed in tons per meter (t/m).
4 Horizontal Well Fracturing Design
4.1 Data Preparation
4.1.1 Geological Data
Geological parameter data includes:
a)Relevant data such as geological age, sedimentary facies, sand body distribution, structural map, sediment source direction;
b) Relevant data from seismic processing and interpretation, such as fault conditions and displacement, in-situ stress orientation, degree and distribution of natural fracture development, etc.
4.1.2 Oil and Gas Reservoir Data
Reservoir parameter data includes:
Core data, such as various mineral components of the rock, clay content, cementation type, cement composition, physical property analysis data, thin section identification, thermal maturity, hydrocarbon potential, microstructure, sensitivity experiment data, relative permeability characteristics, damage and other related data;
