SY/T 6847-2024 Technical criterion for igneous reservoir fracturing English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
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ICS
E
Professional standard of the People's Republic of China
SY/T 6847-2024
Replaces SY/T 6847-2012
Technical criterion for igneous reservoir fracturing
火成岩压裂技术规范
(English Translation)
Issue date: 2024-12-25 Implementation date: 2025-06-25
Issued by National Development and Reform Commission, P.R.C
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Requirements and Methods for Igneous Rock Fracturing Program Design
4.1 Well Integrity Evaluation for Fracturing
4.2 Geological Program Requirements
4.3 Fracturing Design Principles
4.4 Evaluation and Selection of Fracturing Materials
4.5 Fracturing Treatment Design
4.6 Fracturing Design Document
4.7 Fracture Geometry Diagnostics
5 Igneous Rock Fracturing Operation Methods
5.1 Preparation and Requirements Before Fracturing Operations
5.2 Diagnostic Fracture Injection Test (DFIT) Implementation and Data Interpretation
5.3 Main Fracturing Treatment (Proppant Addition)
5.4 Emergency Response Plans for Abnormal Situations During Fracturing Operations
6 Post-Fracturing Management Requirements
6.1 Post-Fracturing Flowback Requirements
6.2 Post-Fracturing Production Testing and Evaluation
6.3 Post-Fracturing Assessment
7 Field Quality Control Requirements
7.1 Pre-Operation Field Quality Control
7.2 In-Operation Field Quality Control
7.3 Post-Operation Field Quality Control
8 Fracturing Operation Summary
8.1 General Overview
8.2 Brief Description of the Operation
9 Health, Safety, and Environmental Control Requirements
Appendix A (Informative) Template for Igneous Rock Fracturing Program Design
Appendix B (Informative) Igneous Rock Fracturing Strings
Appendix C (Informative) Tables Related to Fracturing Design
Bibliography
Technical Specification for Igneous Rock Fracturing
1 Scope
This document specifies the design methods for fracturing programs for vertical/directional wells and horizontal wells in igneous rock formations, fracturing operation methods, post-fracturing management requirements, field quality control requirements, fracturing operation summaries, and health, safety, and environmental control requirements.
This document is applicable to the fracturing program design, fracturing operations, post-fracturing management, field quality control, and health, safety, and environmental control for igneous rock formations.
2 Normative References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute indispensable provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
SY/T 5108 Practice for measuring properties of proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations
SY/T 5289 Design, implementation and effectiveness evaluation method of fracturing for oil, gas and water wells
SY/T 5587.5 Code for conventional workover job -- Part 5: Preparation of downhole operation wellbore
SY/T 5727 Safety specification for downhole operation
SY/T 5764 General technical requirements of plant gum for fracturing
SY/T 6277 Specification for personal protection in hydrogen sulfide environment
SY/T 6302 Test method of conductivity of proppant
SY/T 6610 Operation safety specification for downhole operation workplace in hydrogen sulfide environment
SY/T 6690 Technical specification for well control in downhole operation
SY/T 7627 Technical requirements of water-based fracturing fluid
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
igneous reservoir fracturing
Fracturing conducted for igneous reservoirs, characterized by complex artificial fractures, difficulty in continuous sand addition, and susceptibility to screen-out.
3.2
gel slug
A high-viscosity fracturing fluid slug used to control near-wellbore fracture tortuosity friction and fluid loss through micro-fractures, measured in cubic meters (m³).
3.3
silt slug
Silt (70-140 mesh or 100-200 mesh) continuously added in the pad fluid at sand-to-fluid ratios of 2% to 10% over a short period of 2 to 4 minutes, measured in cubic meters (m³).
3.4
critical sand to liquid ratio
A sand ratio that, upon entering the formation, causes a significant pressure increase and poses a risk of screen-out, indicating that the formation is sensitive to this sand ratio, expressed as a percentage (%).
3.5
separate layer fracturing technology
A method of isolating multiple target intervals in vertical/directional wells and fracturing them layer by layer.
3.6
horizontal well multistage fracturing with openhole packers
In an openhole horizontal well, a method where a base pipe connected with openhole packers is used for completion in the target zone. The horizontal section is isolated into multiple stages by the openhole packers. The first stage is fractured using a toe sleeve, and subsequent stages from toe to heel are fractured by progressively dropping balls to open the sleeves for multi-stage fracturing.
3.7
multi-stage hydraulic fracturing with plugs
A fracturing method using casing injection, where plugs isolate the already fractured intervals, and then perforation and fracturing are carried out sequentially from the bottom up.
3.8
infinite sliding sleeve fracturing for cementing
A method where infinite sliding sleeves are cemented together with the casing. A sleeve opening tool is run to the bottom, and after depth correlation and positioning, the infinite sliding sleeves are opened one by one to perform annulus fracturing.
4 Requirements and Methods for Igneous Rock Fracturing Program Design
4.1 Well Integrity Evaluation for Fracturing
4.1.1 The wellbore integrity (including casing, cementing quality, tubing, downhole tools, wellhead, etc.) meets the fracturing requirements.
4.1.2 Status of any fish/tools left in the wellbore before fracturing.
4.2 Geological Program Requirements
4.2.1 General
The geological program should include, but is not limited to, the purpose of the operation, basic data, fracturing interval data, fracturing operation requirements, brief history of previous tests in this well and adjacent wells, information on toxic and hazardous gases such as H2S in the block, and safety, environmental protection, and well control risk warnings.
4.2.2 Basic Data
Basic drilling and completion data such as total depth drilled, casing program, casing grade, casing head, casing inner diameter and setting depths, cementing quality and cement top depth, true vertical depth, maximum deviation angle, closure azimuth, reservoir penetration rate, etc. See Table A.1 for the format.
4.2.3 Basic Reservoir Parameters
4.2.3.1 Types of Data to be Collected
In the geological program, the types of data to be collected shall follow the relevant requirements in SY/T 5289 and be entered into the basic data table, fracturing reservoir data table, and previous test situation table, respectively. See Tables A.2, A.3, and A.4 for the formats.
4.2.3.2 Reservoir Lithology and Electrical Parameters
Reservoir lithology, density, natural gamma ray, acoustic travel time, etc. See Table A.5 for the format.
4.2.3.3 Basic Reservoir Physical Properties and Hydrocarbon Potential Data
Reservoir permeability, porosity, net pay thickness, gas saturation, water saturation, total hydrocarbon value from gas logging, reservoir type, etc.
4.2.3.4 Pressure and Temperature Parameters
Reservoir pressure, reservoir temperature.
4.2.3.5 Reservoir Fluid Property Data
Underground fluid viscosity, formation volume factor, compressibility factor, water type and
